英语语音教程 辅音.ppt

Unit 2Consonants: Stops 1.Introduction stop consonants In this unit, we will learn the stop consonants in English. The stop consonants are made by completely stopping the airflow at some point in the mouth and then, for most productions, releasing it into the sound that follows. There are six stops in English: /p/ and /b/ are formed by the lips, /t/ and /d/ are formed on the gum ridge behind the upper teeth, and /k/ and /g/ occur at the back of the mouth where the tongue makes a weal with the soft palate. /p/, /t/, /k/ are voiceless stops as they are not accompanied by vibration from the larynx(喉), while /b/, /d/, /g/ are the voiced stops. These stops are among the most frequent sounds in English and have fairly consistent spellings. Introduction 爆破音是由在口腔中发音器官中的某部位对气流形成阻塞,气流从口腔中冲破阻碍爆破而成, 其特点是一发即止,不能拖音. /p/ /b/ 双唇爆破音; (Bilabial) /t/ /d/ 舌尖齿龈音(Alveolar),发音时,舌尖抵住上齿龈形成阻碍,气流冲出时,舌尖突然离开上齿龈,爆破成音; /k/ /g/ 舌后软颚音(Velar),发音时,舌后部向软颚抬起贴紧,形成阻碍,气流从喉咙口用力冲出,爆破成音. 辅音 /p/ Producing sound The /p/ sound is made by closing the mouth and pushing the lips apart. The teeth are apart, but not shown. The tongue is in the middle of the mouth. Air is blown through quickly. /p/Dialogue “Passports, Please” (Mr. And Mrs. Chapman are at the airport. They have just gotten off the plane from Paris.) Official: Passport, Please. Mr. Chapman: I think I’ve lost our passports, Pam. Mrs. Chapman: Oh, Peter, how could you be so stupid? Didn’t you put them in your pocket? Mr. Chapman: (emptying his pockets) Here’s a pen, a pencil, a postcard, an envelope, a stamp, a pin… Mrs. Chapman: Oh, stop taking everything out of your pockets. You probably put them in the plastic bag. /p/ Dialogue Mr. Chapman: (emptying the plastic bag) Here’s a newspaper, an apple, a pear, a plastic cup, a spoon, some paper plates, a piece of pie, some pepper, some presents. Mrs. Chapman: Oh, stop pulling everything out of the plastic bag, Peter. These people are getting impatient. Mr. Chapman: Well, help me, Pam. Mrs. Chapman: