煤炭清洁发电技术进展与前景 - 中国工程科学.doc

煤炭清洁发电技术进展与前景 岑可法，倪明江，高翔，骆仲泱，王智化，郑成航 （能源清洁利用国家重点实验室（浙江大学），杭州 310027) 摘要：近年来，我国大气复合污染问题日益突出，燃煤是造成大气污染的主因之一，中国电力行业耗煤量约占全国耗煤总量的一半，实现燃煤电厂烟气污染物高效控制是重中之重。本文介绍了我国煤炭清洁发电实现超低排放的最新进展及未来发展前景。通过理论研究、技术研发及集成应用，形成了符合我国国情的燃煤烟气污染物超低排放技术路线，建立了超低排放清洁环保岛，实现了污染物排放优于天然气机组排放标准限值，为我国大气污染防治特别是高用能密度区域的污染物减排提供了一条重要出路。研究综述了近年来我国超低排放技术的示范应用情况，通过费效分析表明超低排放可实现污染物大幅度减排，具有良好的环境、经济和社会效益。未来，我国燃煤电厂还将进一步发展烟气污染物深度脱除技术及二氧化碳捕集技术，最终实现燃煤烟气污染物的近零排放，为建设全世界最清洁的燃煤电厂奠定坚实的技术基础。 关键词：煤炭；高用能密度；大气污染；超低排放；清洁发电 中图分类号：X511 文献标识码：A Progress and Prospects of clean coal technology for power generation Cen Kefa, Ni Mingjiang, Gao Xiang, Luo Zhongyang, Wang Zhihua, Zheng Chenghang (State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization (Zhejiang University), Hangzhou 310027，China) Abstract: In recent years, air pollution has become a great concern of China’s society. The emission control of electricity industry is the key to the air quality improvement since electricity industry accounts for over 50% of China’s coal consumption. This work introduces the progress and prospects of ultra-low emission control technologies based power generation technologies. The ultra-low emission control technologies and integrated systems are developed and optimized by the support of a series of national project to reach the emission level of natural gas power generation units using coal-fired units. The application and promotion of these technologies are proven to be an important solution for the air quality improvement, especially in regions with high energy consumption, since these technologies have shown great potential for deep cut in pollutant emissions, which will benefit both the society and the environment. In the near future, the research will focus on deep control of various pollutants and high-efficiency CO2 capture to lay a solid foundation for the construction of the worlds cleanest coal-fired power plants. Key words: coal; high energy consumption density; air pollution; ultra-low emissions; clean power generation 一、前言 当前，我国能