讲课 第四节 冠词,介词.ppt

常用介词的意义及用法 We finished the work before 10 o’clock. I’ll wait for you till 10 o’clock. (wait 延续动词用肯定) He will stay here until next Sunday. (stay 延续动词用肯定) He didn’t finish the work until 10 o’clock. (finish 短暂动词用否定) He didn’t leave the office till 12 o’clock. (leave 短暂动词用否定) Company Logo 常用介词的意义及用法 （二）表示地点、方位的介词 1 at, in 2 on, over, above 3 under, below 常用介词的意义及用法 1 at, in : in:大一点的地方 at:小的点的概念 at home, at the office, at school, at the bus-stop in a town, in the street, in the forest in 的一般用法：in the mirror/ in the bed/ in the sky 常用介词的意义及用法 2 on, over, above, 1）on（接触表面的上面） Put the books on the desk. The dictionary on the table is not mine. on the left/ on the right/ on the map/ on the farm/ on the way to school 常用介词的意义及用法 2)over（不接触表面的上面，有覆盖之意） Mom put a rug over me when I was asleep. over（表示正上方） There is a bridge over the river. There is a lamp over the desk. 常用介词的意义及用法 3) above 仅表示上下方位关系，事物表面不接触，也不在正上方 The sun rose above the horizon. 常用介词的意义及用法 （三）表示方式、手段的介词 1 by 2 with 3 through 4 in 常用介词的意义及用法 1 by+行为方式 send something by post do something by hand pay by check/ by credit card (但要说 pay in cash) by+交通工具 by car/ train/ plane/ air/ boat/ sea/ ship/ bus/ bicycle/ metro/ subway/ underground(但要说 on foot ) Company Logo LOGO 冠词 冠词分类 冠词分为 1)不定冠词 “a”:用在以辅音音素开头的单词前 ”an”:用在以元音音素开头的单词前，而不是元音字母前 2)定冠词the“ 3)零冠词“(/)” :零冠词指的是不用冠词的情况。 名词与冠词使用的重要技巧 1）单数可数名词不能单独使用，必须与冠词或其他限定词连用。 the boy, a boy, his boy, the woman’s boy, a clever boy. (不能说boy) I really need a new computer. 名词与冠词使用的重要技巧 2）复数名词和不可数名词 不能与不定冠词a(n)连用。 a bread, an information（错误） 冠词用法 1）第一次提到的单数名词前面用不定冠词a或an，这一名词再次出现要用定冠词the A man came up to a policeman and asked him a question. The policeman didn’t understand the question, so he asked the man to repeat it. I had a banana and an apple. I ate the banana and gave the apple to my mother. 冠词用法 2）在谈到说话人和听话人双方都知道的事物时，要用the； 比如在自己家的房间里，要说：the light, the floor, the door, the window, the carpet. Can you turn off the light, ple