超临界萃取技术英文版(双语).ppt

Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE or SCFE) 福建农林大学 What is supercritical fluid and Supercritical fluid extraction ? Everybody knows the three physical states: solid, liquid and gas. But a fourth one exists. By controlling temperature and pressure every pure substance can be set into a supercritical state . Supercritical fluid: A pure supercritical fluid (SCF) is any compound at a temperature and pressure above the critical values (above critical point). Above the critical temperature of a compound the pure, gaseous component cannot be liquefied regardless of the pressure applied. The critical pressure is the vapor pressure of the gas at the critical temperature. 只要化合物的温度和压力大于其临界值，那么这种状态下的化合物就可以称为是超临界流体。当温度化合物的临界温度时，纯的气体组分是在没有高压的作用下是不能够被气化的。而临界压力是指气体在临界温度下的蒸气压。 Under a supercritical environment only one phase exists. The fluid, as it is termed, is neither a gas nor a liquid and is best described as intermediate to the two extremes.This phase retains solvent power approximating liquids as well as the transport properties common to gases. 在超临界状态下仅存在一种相，该流体既不是气体也不是液体，却兼具气体和液体的优点，超临界流体具有良好的溶解和传质特性。 SCF, as its called, is heavy like liquid but with penetration power of gas. These qualities make SCF effective and selective solvents. 其密度接近于液体，却有着与气体类似的强穿透力 Supercritical fluid extraction: The extraction technology employing SCF as extractant. It also is called as: Pressure fluid extraction; Supercritical gas extraction; Critical solvent extraction. The basic principle of SCFE The basic principle of SFE is as followings: 1.when the feed material is contacted with a supercritical fluid, the volatile substances will partition into the supercritical phase。 物料与超临界流体接触，挥发性成分被萃取进入超临界流体 2.After the dissolution of soluble material the supercritical fluid containing the dissolved substances is removed from the feed material. 可溶性物质被溶解之后，超临界流体转移到另外一个罐中； 3.The extracted component is then completely separated from the SCF by means of a temperature and/or pres