财务英语——通货膨胀.ppt

* 这是我国2011年11月到2012年11月的全国居民消费价格涨跌幅.从图中我们可以看出，这一年来，全国居民消费价格尽管涨幅有所下跌，但同比消费价格一直处于上涨状态。在经济学上，我们通常用居民消费价格指数来描述通货膨胀的程度，接下来，我们来看一下是什么导致了通货膨胀？ * 人们经常用物价水平的增长来描述通货膨胀，但是，真正理解通货膨胀的原因是非常重要的，有些通货膨胀也是可以用数学方式来衡量的。接下来，我们来看一下到底有什么原因导致了通货膨胀。 * When there is too much money into the system without an increase in production or economic growth in general, prices for things go up-or inflation. When there is a lot of money out there, society attaches a smaller value to it and spends more of it. The value of money is effectively diluted. When income doesn‘t keep up with the rate of inflation, then purchasing power goes down. When this happens, the inflation rate goes down, or that the value of money is being diluted more slowly.第一个原因是：货币供给的增加远大于经济增长的速度。 * 我们了解了通货膨胀的成因，就可以轻松的对通货膨胀进行一个大体的分类了。那么，接下来我们要看一下通货膨胀有哪些类型呢？ * These are four of the categories that inflation can be divided into. Many argue that cost push and demand pull are the two main ones, while others believe all four are equally?important. * 前面我们说了，关于通货膨胀的好坏，我们不能一概而论。但是，通货膨胀到底对经济有什么具体的影响呢？ * 上面我们只是笼统的说了一下通货膨胀对货币的影响，接下来我们要具体分析一下通货膨胀对社会各阶层具体的影响。 * 刚才我们只是在微观成面上看了一下通货膨胀对我们个人的影响。那么，他对我们整个国民经济有什么影响呢？ * Inflation, is society unjust because it makes the rich richer and the poor poorer; it transfers wealth from those who have less of it to those who have already too much of it.既然通货膨胀对我们有如此大的影响，那我们应该怎样抑制通货膨胀呢 ？ * 首先，我们先说个人应该如何应对通货膨胀。 * 那么如果是一个公司，还怎样应对通货膨胀呢？企业可以采取在期货市场上做套期保值业务来规避风险。 * 一国央行应该实行紧缩的货币政策以应对通货膨胀。可以采取提高基准利率，提高银行存贷款利率，来抑制经济过热；同时还可以采取公开市场操作业务来回笼货币，例如买卖有价证券，发行央票等。 * 讲了这么多，相信同学们对通货膨胀一定有了更深刻的了解，如果还有什么问题，希望课下我们一起探讨，谢谢大家！ 通货膨胀Inflation outline What Is Inflation? What Causes Inflation? What Are The Types of Inflation? What Are The Effects of Inflation? How to Deal With Inflation Risk? What Is Inflation Inflation?is the increase in the prices of goods and services in a countrys economy within a period of time. This means that each unit of currency can buy lesser quantities of goods and services. If inflation is mild（温和的）, it can actually