辽宁省学士英语辅导教材1至3页.doc

Unit One Education Text A The History of Education in China Many scholars believe the history of education in China can be traced back to as far as the 16th century B. C. 许多学者认为，中国教育的历史可以追溯到公元前第十六世纪, during the late Xia Dynasty晚夏王朝时期 (1523 B. C. -1027 B. C.). Throughout this period of time在这段时间, education was the privilege of the elites教育是精英的特权.In the teaching of Confucianism during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods (770 B. C.-221 B. C.) 在文化教学在春秋战国时期,the curriculum was mainly based on The Four Books and The Five Classics. 本课程主要是基于四和五的经典书籍。 Confucianism probably has the biggest influence on education of China throughout the entire Chinese history. Later in Han Dynasty儒家思想对中国的教育可能有最大的影响在中国整个历史。在汉代以后, a form of public education system was established. 一种形式的公共教育体系的建立。 Not only elites from upper class families can study in schools, but also common people. 从上层阶级的家庭不仅精英可以在学校学习，而且普通人。 In Confucianism, a gentleman (Chun Tzu) considers what is right, 儒家，君子（君子）考虑什么是对的 while the peasant considers what will pay. 而农民认为什么将支付 A gentleman trusts in justice, 一个绅士相信正义 while the peasant trusts in favor. 而有利于农民信托 A gentleman is generous and fair, 一个绅士很慷慨、公正 while the peasant is biased and petty. 而农民的偏见和狭小。 A gentleman is easy to serve, 绅士是服务方便，and hard to please. The peasant is hard to serve, and easy to please. A gentleman is to know what we know, and know what we do not know. The basic concept of gentleman in Confucianism often emphasizes the different behaviors-between the gentleman and the peasant. A peasant in ancient Chinese society can be better described as todays common man or average citizen. As a result, not everyone can be a gentleman in ancient Chinese society. In fact, studying Confucianism itself was limited to very few people in ancient China。Most of them are from ruling and upper class families. They were the group of people in need to educate in the classics and understand morality. They needed to understand why things have to be done as they