结构耐久性的现状(国外英语资料).docVIP

结构耐久性的现状 1 durability of the structure of the status quo In civil engineering, the factors that affect the structure can be divided into three categories: load, disaster and environment. The load factor and the main disasters of the structure safety impact, previous studies more, and environmental factors on the durability of the structure effect, due to the long-term nature of this kind of influence and concealment, a long time did not get enough attention. Specifically, environmental factors include the corrosive effects of various salts in the ocean, soil and atmosphere, the use of deicing salts, freezing and thawing cycles caused by climatic conditions, and dry and wet cycles. The consequences of such durability problems not only result in a great deal of economic losses, but also pose great risks to the safety of structures. According to a well-known concrete expert, Professor P.K.Mehta of the University of California at Berkeley, the cause of concrete structure damage is steel corrosion first, followed by frost damage. According to the United States in 1988 statistics, in those years reinforced concrete corrosion damage repair fee of $250 billion, of which bridge repair fee of $155 billion, is the initial construction cost of these bridges 4 times. The same serious damage in the structure of our country due to corrosion, in 80s the Ministry of communications has organized relevant departments to investigate the coastal ports, according to the 1980 survey of relevant units in Southern China coastal ports, more than 80% of the terminal happened corrosion serious or serious damage, damage from the pier have built only 5~10 years time, the similar results were obtained in the East China and northern coastal ports survey. The durability problems caused by the long-term use of deicing salts are also serious. For example, an overpass in Beijing was demolished in 1999, less than 19 years before it was built. In addition, there is a wide range of saline soil in the wes