开篇有趣的介绍.ppt

Chapter 1 Introduction of Words Some Interesting Facts There is no egg in eggplant, nor ham in hamburger, Neither apple nor pine in pineapple． And while no one knows what is a hotdog, you can be pretty sure it isn‘t canine（犬类）． English muffins(=hot muffns热松饼，美式早餐/英式午茶糕点) were not invented in England，Nor French-fries in France，(炸薯条); 再如： French window 落地窗， take French leave 不辞而别， French grey 浅灰色 Sweetmeats(糖果)； sweetbreads(甜面包）？ In English we find that quicksand can work slowly, Boxing rings(拳击赛台)are square． And why is that writers write, but fingers dont fing，grocers dont groce, and hammers dont ham? If the plural of tooth is teeth, why isn‘t the plural of booth，beeth? One goose，two geese, So, one moose(驼鹿), two meese?(复数形式仍然是moose)；One mouse, two mice; One louse(虱子), two lice; One house? two hice? If teachers taught, why didnt preacher praught?(preached) If a vegetarian eats vegetables, what does a humanitarian eat? Why do people recite at a play, and play at a recital? Ship by truck or car and send cargo by ship?(动词与动词的功能差异；为什么演话剧时人们要朗诵，而在独奏会上却要演奏：polysemy) Have noses that run and feet that smell? Park on driveways and drive on parkways? 美国的房子周围有driveway(入户的车道)：私人车道；parkway大路，干道) How can a slim chance and a fat chance be the same, while a wise man and a wise guy are opposites? When a house burns up, it bums down.(方位稳喻) You fill in a form by filling it out. (collocation) And an alarm clock goes off by going on． You get in and out of a car, yet you get on and off a bus. If there is a phrase of “gold bar”, then what does “gold brick” mean? And why, when I wind up my watch, I start it, But when 1 wind up this essay, I end it?（一词多义） Lexicology as a part of linguistics Lexicology is the part of linguistics, dealing with the vocabulary of a language and the properties of words as the main units of language. Vocabulary means the sum of all the words in the language. Good knowledge of the description of the vocabulary, rules of word-formation, origin and history