高中英语必修4_Unit4_Body_language-Grammar1课件(人教新课标).pptVIP

Grammar 一: V-ing 形式由 “do＋ing” 构成, 其否定形式是 “not doing”, V-ing 可以带宾语或状语构成 V-ing 短语, 没有人称和数的变化, 但有时态和语态的变化。 Read the following sentences and underline the -ing form in each sentences and tell whether it is used as the attribute or the adverbial. * Grammar Unit 4 Body language V-ing 形式 完成式 一般式 被动语态 主动语态 　语态 时态 (not) doing (not) being done (not) having done (not) having been done V-ing 形式在句中作定语和状语是本单元的学习重点。 1. 作定语 V-ing 形式可以单独充当名词的前置修饰语, 这时有两种情况。 -ing形式表示 “供作......之用”的意思, 这类作定语的-ing形式过去叫动名词。 A swimming pool = a pool for swimming A sleeping car = a car for sleeping 2) -ing形式表示 “......的” 意思, 过去叫现在分词 A sleeping child working people the rising sun -ing形式短语作定语时一般放在它所修饰的名词之后, 相当于一个定语从句。如: They are visitors coming from several countries. The boy standing there is a classmate of mine. Another examples: 1) Four people entered the room looking around in a curious way. = Four people enter the room and looked around in a curious way. ( 伴随动作) 2) Being poor, he couldn’t afford a TV set. = Because/ As he was poor,he couldnt ... (原因) 2. V-ing作状语 可以表示时间, 原因, 结果,条件, 行为方式或伴随动作等。 1) Using your head, you’ll find a good way. 条件 = If you use your head , youll··· 2) (When) Hearing the news, he got frightened. = When he heard the news, he got frightened. (时间, 可以在分词前保留when ) 3) The child slipped and fell, hitting his head against the door. 结果 = The child slipped and fell and therefore hit his head against the door 4) Working hard, you’ll surely succeed. 条件 5) The boy sat in front of the farm-house, cutting the branch. 伴随 6) He came running back to tell me the news. 方式 Attention Please -ing形式作状语时, 它的逻辑主语必须与主句的主语是一致的。 = The boy sat in front of the farmhouse and cut the branch. = He came by the way of running back to tell me the news. Time permitting, I will pay a visit to the whole city. 　(分词的逻辑主语是time , 而句子的主语是I , 两者不构成主谓关系, 所以只能用独立主格结构, 也就是给现在分词补充一个主语。) The sun shining brightly in the sky,