英汉翻译技巧研究.ppt

形容词性从句在英语中非常活跃，而且在许多情况下它的语法功能不仅仅是修饰它前面的名词，而且还表达原因、转折、结果等含义，所以翻译时往往要变通处理。 首先在位置上，可以放在作为其先行词的名次之前的，则放在前面，如放在名词之前造成语流不畅的则应放在后边或独立成句。 其次是把它所包含的意思（如原因、转折）传达出来。 所以，在翻译英语的定语从句特别是复杂的定语从句时，最基本的出路是把它从其修饰地位分离出来，使其相对独立地叙述所要表达的信息。 Ⅰ. A Comparative Study of English and Chinese Attributive Structures 英汉定语结构的对比 This is the cat. 这就是那只猫 This is the cat that killed the rat. 这就是那只捕杀了老鼠的猫。 This is the cat that killed the rat that ate the cake。 *这就是那只捕杀了偷吃了蛋糕的老鼠的猫。 This is the cat that killed the rat that ate the cake that was put in the house. *这就是那只捕杀了偷吃了放在房间里的蛋糕的老鼠的猫。 This is the cat that killed the rat that ate the cake that was put in the house that Jack built. *这就是那只捕杀了偷吃了放在杰克修建的房间里的蛋糕的老鼠的猫。 Ⅰ. Negation in English-Chinese Translation 英汉翻译中的正反交替 3) all/every ... not All that glitters is not gold. 发光的不一定都是金子。 No, everything is not straightened out. 不，并非每一个问题都弄清楚了。 4) both... not But you see, we both cannot go. 但是我告诉你，我们俩不能同时都走。 Both the instruments are not precision ones. 这两件东西不都是精密仪器。 Ⅰ. Negation in English-Chinese Translation 英汉翻译中的正反交替 5) for all You may leave at once for all I care. 你尽可立即离开，我才不管呢。 For all we knew, the files we were supposed to photograph were already on their way. 说不定那些该由我们去拍摄的文件已在途中。 6) It be + adj.+ n.+ that… It is a good workman that never blunders. 智者千虑, 必有一失。 It is a long lane that has no end. 路必有弯。( 凡事总有变化，不会永远不变。) Ⅱ. Negation in Chinese-English Translation 汉英翻译中的正反交替 1、Negation According to Usage 在他还没来得及阻拦我之前, 我己经跑出教室。 Before he could stop me, I had rushed out of the classroom. 俗话说，男儿有泪不轻弹，皆因未到伤心处”. As the saying goes，Men only weep when deeply hurt. Ⅱ. Negation in Chinese-English Translation 汉英翻译中的正反交替 2、Negation for Emphasis or Rhetorical Effect 我们讨论问题时，不能忘记这些基本点。 These basic concepts must be kept in mind in our discussion. 党的十六大充分表明我们党兴旺发达，后继有人。 The 16th Party congress fully demonstrates that our Party is flourishing and has no lack of successors. 3、Negation to