翻译定义历史与准则.pptVIP

The Definition、History and Criteria of Translation;Definition of Translation ---From Literature “Translate” means “turn (word, sentence, book, etc.) from one language into another, expressing sense of it in another form of words”. --- The Oxford Illustrated Dictionary , 1975, p903 “turn/transfer” ;to turn into one’s own or another language (转换成本族语或另一种语言) --- Webster’s third New International Dictionary of the English Language Conclusion: 翻译是一种“语言转换”活动，但不是一种语言的词语和语句结构的简单转换，也不是在另一种语言中寻找与一种语言中对等的词语和语句结构，然后将其串接成句的过程。 翻译不仅仅是语言层面的转换，更重要的是语义的转换。在英汉翻译中，如果把眼光盯着原文的词语和语句结构这些属于语言层次的东西，结果翻译出来的只是一种文字层次的转换，徒具其形，原文的内容和意义不可能得到很好的表达。 ;那个地方是块肥肉，谁都想吃。 That place is a fat piece of meat which everyone wants to eat. That place is an attractive piece of meat coveted by all. 这孩子上课爱搞小动作。 The child often plays in class. New York was never Mecca to me. 纽约从不是我心中的圣地麦加。 President Clinton slept once in the hotel during his visit in China. 克林顿总统访华期间曾下榻于该酒店。;Definition of Translation ---By Scholars in Nida’s words, (American Translator---Eugene A. Nida) “Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source-language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style. ” （所谓翻译，是指在译语中用最切近而又自然的对等语再现原语的信息，首先在语义上，其次在文体上。)　　;in Catford’s words, (British Translator---John Catford) Translation may be defined as follows: The replacement of textural material in one language (SL) by equivalent textual material in another language. (TL). ;翻译是“把一种语言已经表达出来的东西用另一种语言准确而完整地重新表达出来”。（范存忠：“漫谈翻译”《翻译理论与技巧》中国对外翻译出版公司，1985，p.80） 翻译是运用一种语言把另一种语言所表达的思想内容准确而完整的重新表达出来的语言活动。（张培基，《英汉翻译教程》上海外语教育出版社，1986：1） ;The Definition is: A: Translation is a rendering from one language into another, i.e., the faithful representation in one language of what is written or said in another language.　 　 B: Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source-language message, first in terms of meaning an