如何提高句子翻译能力.docVIP

句子翻译要求同学们根据所给的中文句子，写出相应的英文句子。它主要考察学生用英语表达的能力。 ? 一．句子翻译中考题范例 ???【2011四川成都】四、汉译英。根据汉语意思和英语提示翻译句子。（共5小题，每小题2分；计10分） 1. 做自愿者有助于开阔青年学生的眼界 (open up) . 2. 杰克当时病情严重，连医生也 (cant do anything about) . 3. 政府正千方百计为无家可归的人提供住房 (go out of ones way to) . 4. 均衡的饮食和有规律的运动被视为健康的必要条件(be regarded as) . 5. 安迪曾抱怨说他和别人同样工作，但报酬却不一样。 (the same as; pay) . 1. Being volunteers helps open up the eyes of the young students. 2. Jack’s illness was serious at that time and even the doctors couldn’t do anything about it. 3. The government is going out of its way to provide house for the homeless people. 4. Balanced diet(s) and regular sports are regarded as requirements for health. 5. Andy complained that he did the same job as others but was paid differently. ??? 二．如何提高自己的翻译水平 ??? 1.??掌握英语的基本句型 ??? 1）? 主语＋连系动词＋表语(S+V+P) ???? 吉姆的母亲看上去很疲倦。Jim’s mother looks very tired. ??? 2）? 主语＋不及物动词(S+V) ????? 我父亲一直努力工作。My father works hard all the time. ??? 3）? 主语＋及物动词＋宾语(S+V+O) ????? 我昨天买了五块蛋糕。I bought five cakes yesterday. ??? 4）? 主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语(S+V+IO+DO) ????? She bought me a new dress. ??? 5）? 主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语（S+V+O+C） ????? 我们必须使教室保持整洁。We must keep our classroom clean and tidy. ??? 6）? There＋be 句型 ???? 今年夏天雨水稀少。There is very little rain this summer. ??? 2.?掌握各类句子的基本结构 ??? 1）? 陈述句（肯定式和否定式） ??? 1992年他住在这儿。He lived here in 1992. ??? 我已经有两个月没买什么东西了。I haven’t bought anything for two months. ??? 2）? 疑问句（一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，选择疑问句，反意疑问句） ??? 昨天上午你在看电视吗？Were you watching TV yesterday morning? ??? 你每天骑车上学要花多长时间？How long does it take you to go to school by bike? ??? 你是想喝咖啡还是喝茶？Would you like coffee or tea? ??? 你今天下午不会离开这儿，是吧？You won’t leave here this afternoon, will you? ??? 3）? 祈使句（肯定式和否定式） ??? 就在这儿等到我回来为止。Please wait here until I come back. ??? 别浪费你的时间!Don’t waste your time! ??? 3. 汉译英中要注意的几个