英汉翻译和汉英翻译异同点.docVIP

On similarities and differences between English-Chinese and Chinese-English translation The awareness of major difference between Chinese and English are the basis for successful translation between them. As a result of it, we need first make comparisons and contrasts between the two languages. ? The most important difference between the two languages lies in parataxis and hypo taxis. Chinese language tends to be a parataxis language, that is, connectives between different parts of the sentence or between clauses are not compulsory. Chinese has no relative words and uses fewer conjunctions than English, while English tends to be a hypo taxis language, which uses a lot of complex sentence structures and relations between clauses that must be expressed by conjunctions or other relieve words. For example, let us see a Chinese passage and its English translation.1)今天晚上，很好的月光。（《狂人日记》）The moon is extremely bright tonight.2）午后便步行至鹊华桥，雇了一只小船，荡起双桨。朝北不远，便到了历下亭前。上岸进去，入了大门，便是一个亭子，油漆已大半剥蚀完了。亭上还悬着一幅对联，写的是：“历下此古亭，济南名士多。”（《老残游记》）After lunch he walked to the sparrow Flower Bridge, where he hires a small boat and paddled along towards the north. Soon he reached the LiXia pavilion. Then he stepped ashore and went in, and when he entered the gate he saw another pavilion, the paint off which was practically all worn off, and on its front columns were two scrolls with the following words:“The pavilion is ancient as history; Jinan is full of scholars.’’ ? English sentences have comparatively “complete ’’structure .In contrast, many Chinese sentences seem to be loose in structure; many seem to be “incomplete”.Chinese is a typical analytical language, of which grammatical meanings are expressed mostly through lexical means and word order , and that is why Chinese is also called an isolating language. The relation between different parts of a clause or between clauses is also very loose in Chinese, which is often compared as “flowing water”. Wang Li（王力）once remarked that English is a lan