高考状元 高中英语语法汇总.pptx

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高考状元 高中英语语法汇总

高中重点语法讲析;主谓一致 指导原则: 1. 语法一致原则(主,谓语在单,复数上的一致) 2. 意义一致原则(谓语取决于主语的单,复数意义) 3. 就近原则(谓语决定于最靠近它的词语n.的单,复数形式) ;语法一致原则: Eg: Many girls want to buy. Every girl wants to buy.;意义一致原则: 1可单可复 1.1 集合名词:family, crew, people, staff, all, etc.用作整体,谓语用单数;用作个体,谓语用复数. Eg: My family poor. My family kindly to others. 1.2 glasses, trousers, shorts(短语),如果之前无单位词而单独使用,谓语动词用复数;否则用单数. Eg: My trousers black. One pair of scissors not enough. 1.3 the number of 谓语用单数; a number of谓语用复数. ;1.4 关系分句中的主谓一致问题 1)在“one of + 复数名词 + 关系分句”结构中,分句的谓语动词常用复数. Eg. I’m one of those people who very happy now. 2)如果此结构前有“the”或“the only”等限定词或强调词时,关系分句的谓语动词形式依one而定,用单数. Eg. He is the only one of those boys who willing to help the little girl. 1.5 主语 + as mush as /rather than /more than /no less than, 谓语动词形式视主语本身单复数而定.(考点:通常该主语是单数第三人称, 所以谓语用单数) Eg. His brother rather than his parents to blame. My husband, ,more than anyone else in the family, anxious to go there again.;1.6 主语 + as well as /in addition to /with /along with /together with /execpt, 谓语动词形式随主语本身而定.(考点:通常主语是单数第三人称, 所以谓语用单数) Eg. The father, as well as his son, going to travel. 2. 单数 2.1 以-ics结尾的学科名称后,谓语用作单数. 诸如:physics(物理学); mathematics(数学); mechanics(机械学); politics(政治学)等. 2.2 固定名词the United States, the United Nations 等做主语,谓语动词用单数.;2.3 Many a + 单数名词,随后的谓语动词用单数; more than one (语法一致原则),谓语动词用单数. Eg. Many a student that mistake before. A had made B has been made C have made D has made 2.4 数量词(表距离,金额,重量,时间等复数名词),谓语动词用单数. Eg. Six months is too short a time for me. Twenty miles is a long way to cover. 2.5 名词性分句做主语,(what, who, why, how,whether等引导的), 谓语动词用单数. Eg. What caused the accident is a complete mestery. 2.6 不定式和动名词做主语,谓语动词用单数. ;就近原则 3.1 遇到or, nor, either…or…, neither… nor…, not only… but also…等,谓语动词采用“就近原则”. Eg. Either my father or my brothers coming.

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