人教版八年级英语上第一二单元重点笔记.doc

Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? 1.一般过去时:表示过去时间做某事或存在的状态. (1)当谓语动词是be时,其句式如下; a.肯定句:主语+was/were+其它 Tom was at home yesterday. b. 否定句:在be 后加not:主语+ was/were+ not+其它. They were not in the USA last summer. c.一般疑问句: Was/Were+主语+其它? ---Was Tom at home yesterday? ---Yes, he was./No, he wasn’t. ---Were they in the USA last summer? --Yes, they were.. /No, they weren’t. d.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+其它? Where was Tom yesterday? Where were they last summer? (2)当谓语动词是行为动词时,其句式如下: a.肯定句:主语+动词过去式+其它. Gina went to the beach yesterday. b.否定句:主语+ didn’t+动词原形+其它. Gina didn’t go to the beach yesterday. c.一般疑问句:Did+主语+动词原形+其它? ---Did Gina go to the beach yesterday? --Yes, she did. /No, she didn’t. d. 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其它? Where did Gina go yesterday? 2. hill小山 The house stands on a hill. Mountain大山 He wants to see Himalaya mountains (喜马拉雅山). go with sb和某人一起去 go to +某地+with sb和某人一起去某地 Did you go with anyone? I want to go to the mountains with my family. 4. some一些,一般用于肯定句和表示委婉语气疑问句中. Any一些,一般用于否定句,疑问句和条件句中. a.常见复合不定代词有: something一些东西, anything一些东西, everything每件东西, nothing没有东西, somebody=someone某人, anybody=anyone某人, everybody=everyone每人, somewhere某地, anywhere某地, everywhere每人地方, nowhere没有地方 b.复合不定代词+定语(形容词,动词不定式等) something interesting一些有趣的东西, something to eat一些吃的东西 5, few很少,几乎没有,表否定,后接可数名词复数. a few一些,表肯定,后接可数名词复数. quite a few相当多,表肯定,后接可数名词复数. little小的,后可以接可数名词;很少,几乎没有,表否定,后接不可数名词单数. a little有点儿=kind of. 一些,表肯定,后接不可数名词单数. quite a little相当多,表肯定,后接不可数名词单数. I have few good friends. Jim has a few storybooks. There is little water in the bowl. I feel a little tired after school. There is a little water in the bowl. 6. most后直接+名词, most people大多数人 most of +限定词+名词,作主语时,谓语动词单复数由它所修饰的名词单复数确定. most of后直接+宾格复数代词, most of us我们中大多数人 Most of her money was stolen(被偷). Most of her books were stolen. 7.反身代词 Myself我自己, ourselves我们自己, yourself你自己, yourselves你们自己, himself他自己, herself她自己, itself它自己, themselves他(她,它)们自己 8. nothing but除了---外,没有---,只是,仅仅.有时两词还可以分开. There