shell 函数(国外英语资料).docVIP

shell 函数(国外英语资料) Use data variables in the Shell Users can use data variables in the Shell, such as the ba. Sh program: CD/usr/icewalk Ls | cpio-o / dev/fd0 The directory to be backed up in this program is a constant, which is that the program can only be used to back up a directory. If you use variables in this program, you make it more generic: Workdir = $1 CD $workdir Ls * | cpio-o / dev/fd0 With this change, the user can use the directory specified by the program backup variable $workdir. For example, we need to back up/home/WWW content, as long as we run the ba. Sh/home/WWW. (if you dont understand $1, youll detail the passing of the shell parameter, $1 to represent the first parameter of the program - ba. Sh.) 4 adds comments to the Shell program To increase the readability of the program, we advocate adding comments. The comment in the Shell program starts with the # sign. When the Shell explains #, it will assume that it has been commenting from the # to the line end of the line. 5 does arithmetic for Shell variables A variable in a high-level language is a type that is limited to a data type, such as an integer or a character type. Shell variables are typically stored by characters, and the expr command is required to perform arithmetic operations on Shell variables. The expr command will take an arithmetic expression as a parameter, usually as follows: Expr [number] [the number] [the number] Since the Shell is stored as a character, the user must ensure that the number of operands required to participate in arithmetic operations must be numeric. Here are valid arithmetic operators: Plus two integers Minus the first number minus the second number Multiplying by two integers / the first integer is divided by the second integer The two integers are divided by the remainder Such as: $expr 2 + 1 Results: 3 $expr 5-3 Results: 2 If an argument for expr is a variable, then the variable name is replaced by the variable value before the expression is calculated.