标题标题1(国外英语资料).docVIP

标题标题1(国外英语资料) Introduction to computer knowledge A computer was brewing for A long time. In February 1946, the first electronic computer ENIAC came out in California, ENIAC took 18000 of the 18000 tubes and other electronic components, there are two classrooms, computing speed is only 300 times a second operation or 5000 times addition, costing more than $1 million. Although ENIAC had a lot of shortcomings, it was, after all, the founder of the computer, the beginning of the computer age. The computers development has so far been through four eras, from 1946 to 1959, when we called it the era of the electronic tube computer. The internal components of the first computer were electronic tubes. Because a computer requires thousands of tubes, each tube emits a lot of heat, so how to heat it up is a headache. The tube has a maximum lifespan of 3,000 hours, and computer runs often occur due to the fact that the tube was burnt out and the computer crashed. The first generation of computers was mainly used for scientific research and engineering calculation. From 1960 to 1964, we referred to this period as the transistor computer age because of the use of transistors more advanced than electronic tubes in computers. Transistors are much smaller than vacuum tubes, which do not require a warm-up time, consume less energy, and handle faster and more reliable processing. The second generation of computer programming languages developed from machine language to assembly language. Then, the advanced language FORTRAN and cOBOL were developed and widely used. At this point, you start using disks and tapes as secondary storage. The volume and price of the second generation of computers fell, and so did the use of the computer industry. The second generation of computers is used mainly for business, university and government. From 1965 to 1970, the integrated circuit was applied to the computer, so this period was called the small and medium scale integrated circuit computer age. IC