高考英语动词时态语态基础.pptVIP

动词时态、语态 LECTURER:Xiaonan 一、学习目标 时态的分类 一共分16种时态: 一般现在时/过去时/将来时/过去将来时, 现在/过去/将来 /过去将来进行时, 现在/过去/将来/过去将来完成时, 现在/过去/将来/过去将来完成进行时. 用法 (一). 一般现在时 1. 表示经常性或习惯性的动作Do you go to school on Saturdays?As soon as he earns any money, he spends it. 2. 现在的特征或状态 He loves swimming in the lake. 3. 真理 The moon moves around the earth. 4. 代替将来时 What time does the train leave to Shanghai? Is there anything interesting on TV tonight? Our holidays begin in a week. *只限于少数动词: begin, start, come, go, leave, sail, arrive, return, end, stop, depart, open, close, be(其中大部分是瞬间动词, 句中往往有表示将来的时间状语) *另外, 在时间或条件从句中常用一般现在时表示将来(主将从现), 对以when或if等开始的名词性从句或定语从句不适合. Once the rain stops, we will leave. I will wait here until they come. I don’t know when he will come. The question is when we’ll start tomorrow. There will come a day when the people of the whole country will live a happy life. 5. 在电影说明或剧情介绍中, 新闻标题或小说章节题目中, 电视解说词, 舞台动作说明中用一般现在时. 6. 表示现在正在发生的动作或存在的状态. Here comes the bus! There goes the bell! (二). 一般过去时 1.叙述过去的习惯动作,表示过去的时间状语连用, yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, just now, once upon a time, on the first of May, in 1980, before liberation, in the old days, when I was at middle school--- He took me to the movies twice a week when I was young. 2. 如果一个句子里含有一个由when引导的状语从句, 而且和主句一样都是过去时的动词, when从句里的动作是先发生的. When she heard the strange sound, she got up to check. (三). 现在进行时 1.?? 表示正在进行的动作,或现阶段正在进行的动作 The population is increasing very fast. *2. 表示”逐渐”等含义: 有一些词的现在进行时表示的是”逐渐”, “越来越…” 一般不和时间状语连用.这些词包括: get, grow, become, turn, run, go(变成), begin, forget, remember, die, finish. She is growing to be more like her mother. You’d better come in. it is beginning to rain. I’m finishing my supper. 3. be going to do表示在说话之前主语自己已经决定的计划, 不能用于说话时的临时决定. How long are you going to stay there? He is going to be a doctor when he grows up. *有时还表示说话者根据现在的现象”预测”不久即将发生的事情. Look at the black clouds. It’s going to rain. She’s going to have a baby.