二最新定稿3-李念毕业论文.docVIP

目 录 摘 要 1 Abstract 1 Key words: 1 1．引言 2 1.1 乳酸乙酯乙酸酯的性质、优点及用途 2 1.2 乳酸乙酯的性质及优点 2 1.3离子液体 4 1.4吡啶 6 1.5实验原理 8 1.6乳酸乙酯乙酸酯的合成意义 8 1.7合成乳酸乙酯乙酸酯的常用方法 8 1.8 选题的目的意义及研究的主要内容 9 2.实验部分 9 2．1仪器与试剂 9 2.2实验步骤 10 3 结果和讨论 10 3.1 催化剂种类 10 3.2催化剂用量 11 3.3反应时间 11 3.4 n (乳酸乙酯)：n (乙酸酐) 12 3.5．产物检测 12 4. 结论 13 参考文献 14 致 谢 信 15 乳酸乙酯的催化合成 湖南师范大学化学与化工学院09级化工专业 李念 摘 要：乳酸乙酯是可再生的生物质资源，天然存在于水果及酒类中，也可由葡萄糖或淀粉等发酵和酯化得到。在石化资源日益缺乏的形势下，利用来源丰富的乳酸乙酯合成具有高附加值的精细化工产品具有越来越重要的意义。本文使用氯化-1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑、氯化-1-辛基-3-甲基咪唑、氯化-1-十二烷基-5-甲基咪唑等离子液体以及离子液体前驱体吡啶为催化剂，使乳酸乙酯与乙酸酐经乙酰化反应高效合成了乳酸乙酯乙酸酯。用单因素优化法得到了适宜的反应条件：以吡啶为催化剂，回流反应2.0 h，乙酸酐：乳酸乙酯：吡啶（mol/ mol）=1.2: 1: 0.05。在此条件下，目标产物乳酸乙酯乙酸酯的产率为92.18 %。该方法反应时间短，产物收率高，操作简便，具有工业化的应用前景。 关键词Catalytic Synthesis of Ethyl Acetolactate LiNian College of Chemistry And Chemical Engineering Of Hunan Normal University Grade: 09 Major:chemical engineering Abstract: Ethyl lactate, a renewable biomass resources, is naturally present in fruits and wines and can also be obtained from glucose or starch by fermentation and esterification. Under the conditions that petrochemical resources became more deficient, it would become more important to synthesize fine chemical products of higher value with ethyl lactate that is relatively abundant.. In this paper, using ionic liquid such as chloride - 1 - butyl -3 - methyl imidazole、chloride- 1 - octyl- 3 - methyl imidazole and ionic liquid precursors such as pyridine as the catalyst, ethyl acetolactate was efficiently synthesized by acetylation of ethyl lactate with acetic anhydride.. The results showed the optimal reaction conditions were as follows: using pyridine as catalyst, reaction time 2.0 h at reflux, acetic anhydride: ethyl lactate: pyridine (mol/ mol) = 1.2: 1: 0.05. The reaction afforded the objective product in 92.18 % yield. It is a promising route for industrial production of ethyl acetolactate due to its advantages including short reaction time, high yield and facile operation. Key words: ethyl acetolactate; ethyl