Details on American Literature美国文学003.pdfVIP

American Civil War and ten years declining time after the Civil War ( 1865— 1875). The representative writers of Pre-Romanticism are Washington Irving , James Fennimore Cooper and William Cullen Bryant . Those of Post-Romanticism are nove- lists Nathaniel Hawthorne and Herman Melville ; poets Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Edgar Allan Poe and Walt Whitman ; essayists Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry Da- vid Thoreau. The people of the United States turned away from Puritanism {^W^E.SL) at the close of the 18th century. As a result of the impact of European literary Romanti- cism , there rapidly came into being the rise of Romanticism in America. American Romantic literature advocated individualism and encouraged people to fight for individual right and human happiness bravely. The Romantic writers atta- ched importance to individual dignity and value, and believed that human nature was good. The literary works of Romanticism mostly reflected the fantastic and thrilling stories taking place long ago as an escape from the civilized society and were rich in mystic color. .) Important Lite.ary Terms /-o 1. Transcendentalism ( @ §^ ^ ^) : Transcendentalism, which appeared after 1830, marked the maturity of American Romanticism and the first renaissance in the American literary history . The term was derived from Latin , meaning to rise above or to pass beyond the limits. It laid emphasis on spirit and individual and nature. 2. Free verse ( § (Si^Hs) : Free verse has no regular rhythm or line length and de- pends on natural speech rhythms and the counterpoint (M^S) of stre