英译汉谓语确定.pptVIP

句子翻译之谓语确定 英语句子谓语只有动词和动词词组才能充当 She was smiling. He likes translation. They have become health-conscious. John is at home. We gave him advice. We consider that plan wonderful. He has put the salt on the table. The children might have been playing in the garden. I agree with you on that point. In the valley we came across a group of Mexicans. 汉语的谓语也是句子中的重要成分，但汉语的谓语除了用动词充当，还可以用形容词、名词或其他词语充当。 他买了一本书。 他是江苏人。 小王今年29岁。 南京的秋天很美。 我的老师今天不在学校。 在英语句子中，作谓语的动词对句子其他成分的形式和句子结构有很大影响。谓语受主语支配，在人称和数上必须和主语一致。 He has put the salt( them) on the table. 汉语句子中主语和谓语只要求在语义上一致，而无须在形式上对应。汉语句子中谓语不受主语支配，没有人称、数和时态变化。 我常去北京。 I often go to Beijing. 他常去上海。 He often goes to Shanghai. 他昨天去了常州。 He went to Changzhou yesterday. 从这三个例子看出，汉语的谓语无形态变化，而英语的谓语有变化。 英译时谓语的确定 1 谓语确定应充分、贴切传达原意； 中国经济将融入世界经济大潮。 The economy of China will merge into the tide of the world economy. The economy of China will converge with that of the world. 中央政府不干预香港特别行政区的事务。 The central government has refrained from intervening in the affairs of the HKSAR. The central government has never intervened in the affairs of the HKSAR. 这些时装模特逐渐镇定下来，有了自信。 These fashion models gradually calmed down, restored self-confidence. Gradually, these fashion models calmed down and regained self-confidence. 这座旅馆能接待300多个旅客。 This hotel can contain over three hundred passengers. This hotel can accommodate over three hundred guests. 2 汉语动词无时态变化，时态概念通过词汇手段来表达，英译时谓语时态要与原文一致: 新的景点不断出现，观光人数不断增加，地区经济也有了很大发展。 窗户玻璃打破了。 在教室里，有人问了老师许多问题。 今年要多考几个资格证。 据说，他已经去了日本。 It is said that he has gone to Japan. 已经达成了多项协议。 A lot of agreements have been reached. 今年要出台多项新政策。 Many new policies will be formulated this year. 同学们选他做代表，他很高兴。 His classmates elected him representative, so he was very glad. 这位驾驶员开车时心不在焉，几乎引起一场车祸。 The driver’s absent-mindedness during his driving nearly caused a traffic accident. 他从未料到问题会这么复杂。 He has never expected that the problem is so complicated. 3 用系表结构作谓语,连系动词之后须带主语补语（Subject complement) 这些椅子舒适大方，携带方便。 These chairs are comfortable and convenient to c