材料科学与工程专业英语14-Unit 22 biomaterials.ppt

A biomaterial is any substance (other than drugs) or combination of substances synthetic or natural in origin, which can be used for any period of time, as a whole or as a part of a system which treats, augments, or replaces any tissue, organ, or function of the body. Biocompatibility:生物相容性 Recipient:接受者 Competency:能力 Femur：股骨 Nontoxic:无毒的 Nonallergenic:不会引起过敏的 Nonimmunogenic:不产生免疫排斥的 Noncarcinogenic:不致癌的 Degradation:降解 In vivo:体内的 In vitro:体外的 Equivalent:相等的，相当的 Legislation：立法 法规 Biomaterials requirements: Acute(急性) systemic toxicity Cytotoxicity：细胞毒性 Hemolysis：溶血 Intravenous toxicity：静脉内毒性 Mutagenicity：诱变性 Oral toxicity：口服毒性 Pyrogenicity：热原 Sensitization：感光性增强 Recordkeeping:保持纪录 Good Manufacturing Practices：GMP Sterilize：消毒，灭菌 Package：包装 Ethylene oxide：环氧乙烷 Biomechanics：生物力学 FEM/FEA: finite-element modeling/analysis有限元模型/分析 Prosthesis:假体 Microsphere:微球 Encapsulation：包封 Dosage：剂量 Sensor：传感器 Probe：探针 Broad Classification-Types of Biomaterials ceramics metals polymers, synthetic and natural composites transplantation：移植 Kidney：肾 Dialyzer：透析仪 Filtration：过滤 Ethical：伦理的 Tissue engineering: TE,组织工程 Cartilage：软骨 材料科学与工程专业英语Special English for Materials Science and Engineering Part 7 Biomaterials Unit 22 biomateirals: an introduction Biomaterials are defined by their application, NOT chemical make-up What is biomaterial? Biomaterials cover all classes of materials – metals, ceramics, polymers Uses of Biomaterials (Examples) Replace diseased part – dialysis(透析) Assist in healing – sutures（缝合线） Improve function – contacts（接触镜） Correct function – spinal rods （骨钉） Correct cosmetic – nose, ear Aid diagnosis – probe Replace dead - skin How many different types of biomaterials are in use today? The FDA regulates 100,000 different products that represent at least 1,700 Different Types of Biomedical Devices. Biomaterial:生物材料 Physiologically:生理学地 Suture：缝合线 Catheter：导尿管 导管 Pharmacologically:药理学地 Biological material: 生物来源材料 Artery：动脉 Artificial material:人造材料 人工材料 Artificial