344-paper-B2-均匀化工艺对FeNiCrMoTiAlV双相高温轴承钢热塑性的影响.docVIP

编号：B2（中文全文）2006年3月29日CHEN Guosheng, WANG Qingzeng, MENG Xianling, ZHANG Wanliang, YU Leiyun, WANG Jie (Shanghai No.5 Steel Company, Bao Steel Group, Shanghai 200940) ABSTRACT The cast α-phases high temperature transformation, which is related with hot-working cracks , has been investigated about the high temperature duplex bearing alloy of FeNiCrMoTiAlV . After ingot is treated by homogenizing diffusion at 1180℃ for 6 h, α-phases tend homogenizing dispersal distribution, the dimensions of coarseα-phases at dendrite boundaries change apparently small and the tendency of connection between coarse α-phases is decreased. The result is that hot-working ductility is apparently increased. The higher or lower homogenizing temperature is not good to fine the size of α-phases . Hot-working ductility is apparently decreased because of the precipitation of needle likeσ-phases, when temperature is lower especially. After ingot is treated by homogenizing diffusion at1180℃ for 6 h and suitable heat preservation is used, fast forging forming is taken at high temperature zone, which two phases have the almost same strength, and finishing temperature is controlled at more than 1050℃,presence rate of hot-working cracks can be controlled to zero. KEY WORDS High temperature bearing alloy , Duplex microstructures, Homogenization, hot-working ductility 1 前言 Fe-28Ni-23Cr-5Mo-3Ti-1Al-0.5V双相高温轴承钢由于含较高的固溶强化元素和γ/形成元素Mo、Ti、Al，同时Ni、Cr当量比(Nieq/Creq)较低，因而热加工难度较大。多年来，国内相关厂家生产该合金棒材和轴承套圈过程中，因热加工裂纹造成大量报废。尤其是终锻温度低于1000℃时，热塑性极差，且裂纹一旦产生，就迅速扩展。据统计，棒材成材率（包括短尺料）只有40%左右，有些小规格轧棒的成材率甚至在10%以下。文献[1]介绍了双相不锈钢延长加热保温时间对消除热加工裂纹的重要性。 关于该合金组织的高温转变行为及合理的热加工工艺尚未见报道。本文对该合金热加工裂纹的扩展规律、铸态组织与均匀化温度、热塑性之间的关系进行了分析与研究，并制定出相应的热加工工艺。使热加工裂纹出现率为零。取得良好效果。 2 试验用料和方法 试验用料为真空感应+电渣工艺生产的φ190mm电渣锭，化学成分列于表1。 热顶锻试验在0.75t自由锻锤上进行，为了减少加热过程中组织的改变，采用热装炉，保温时间25分钟，出炉快速锻至预定的高度。试样尺寸：φ40×80mm。 用图像分析仪测定α相面密度。用萃取复型的方法萃取α相和σ相，并对其进行电子衍射鉴定。 和 3 试验结果 3.1钢锭铸态组织及锻造裂纹 钢锭铸态组织的枝晶偏析十分明显，枝晶干和枝晶间组织差别很大（图1a），枝晶间主要析出α相（1b）。锻造裂纹主要沿枝晶间扩展（图1a A→B→C→D→E→F1、F2）。 表1