几丁质及其衍生物抗菌性之探讨.DOC

摘要 幾丁質水解物已被證實具有抗菌之效果，而目前產製幾丁質水解物的方法主要為化學酸水解及酵素水解。由於酵素水解較溫和且具有較高的專一性及對環境的污染較小，故成為目前產製幾丁質水解物的主要方法。幾丁質水解酵素在又分為兩種：專一性酵素及非專一性酵素，其水解切點也有所差異。產製出的的幾丁質水解物會因其分子量及去乙醯度而具有不同的抗菌效果測定去乙醯度FT-IR及膠體滴定法測試，而分子量則可用HPLC黏度等方法。而測定幾丁質水解物的抗菌效果的方法除了用平板計數，也可用濁度的變化來得知菌被抑制的情形，另外在計算其抑制百分比或最低抑制濃度。關鍵字：幾丁質；抗菌性；乙醯度；Abstract Chitin hydrolyte was demonstrated having antimicrobial activity. The chemical acid and enzymatic hydrolysis are two common methods for producing chitin hydrolyte. Because enzymatic hydrolysis method is milder, and more specificity, and with lower contamin ation, it has becomes a more favorable method then chemical hydrolysis method. Chitinolytic enzymes are classified into non-specific and specific types. They can cleave different site on chitin. The antimicrobial activity of chitin hydrolyte can be affected by the degree of deacetylation and its molecular weight. Degree of deacetylation was determined by FT-IR and titration. Molecular weight was determined by HPLC, viscometry and so on. The antimicrobial activity of chitin hydrolyte was determined by not only the plant count but also the various turbidity. The present evidence can only determine the trend how all the affectry factors behave, however not yet precise effective range of these factors exert their affection. Keyword：Chitin；Chitinolytic Antimicrobial activity；Degree of deacetylation(DD)；urbidity References 1、尤智立。2003。嗜高溫纖維分解菌纖維分解酵素的探討。碩士論文陳山禾。2006。利用chitin之去乙醯度控制酵素水解產物大小及其抑菌活性之探討。碩士論文。 Aiba S. 1992. Studies on chitosan: 4. Lysozyme hydrolysis of partially N-acetylated chitosan. Int J Biol Macromol. 14:225-228 4、Aiba S. 1994a. Preparation of N-acetylchitooligosaccharides by hydrolysis of chitosan with chitinase followed by N-acetylation. Carbohydr Res. 265:323-328 5、Binod P, Pusztahelyi T, Nagy V, Sandhya C, Szakács G, Pócsi I, Pandey A. 2005. Production and purification of extracellular chitinases from Penicillium aculeatum NRRL 2129 under solid-state fermentation. Enzyme and Microbial Technology. 36(7):880-887 6、Ch