中考复习宾语从句考点.doc

宾语从句考点 2013-09-20 12:56 阅读(9)评论(0)编辑删除 ? 宾语从句 宾语是动作的承受者，它可以由名词、代词、名词短语或句子充当。当一个句子充当宾语时，这个句子就叫做宾语从句。宾语从句是名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。 He said he wanted to go out for a trip. I am not interested in what you said. 常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有：sure，certain，glad，pleased，happy，sorry，afraid，satisfied，surprised等。 I am sorry that I have troubled you so long. He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill. ? ? 宾语从句的分类 根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。 1、that 引导的宾语从句 ??? 原句如果是陈述句，变宾语从句时要用 that 引导，that没有实在意义，只起到引导的作用，在口语和非正式文体中常可省略。 He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. 注意在以下情况中that不能省略 1. 当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，但后面的that不可省。例句：He said (that) you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you. 2. 当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时，that一般不可省。例句：Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap. 3. 当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that不可省。例句：I can’t tell him that his mother died. 注意事项：当主句谓语动词是 think, believe, suppose, expect 等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定转移至主句表示。 例句：I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that. 2、疑问词引导的宾语从句 原句如果是特殊疑问句，变宾语从句时要用特殊疑问词引导。这些连接词包括连接代词what(whom), which, who, whose和连接副词when, how, where, why，这些连接代词在句中既有连接从句的作用，又在句中充当句子的成分，变为从句后原句改为陈述语序。 Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? 3、whether /if 引导的宾语从句 原句若是一般疑问句，变宾语从句时用whether /if 引导，whether /if意为“是否”，原句改为陈述语序。 I don’t know if/whether he will come tomorrow. ? 注意事项： 通常情况下whether /if 可以互换。但以下情况只能用whether。 (1) 后面跟有or not。 I don’t know whether or not it rains.?? ?(2) 在介词后。 Iapos;m interested in whether he likes English． I worry about whether I hurt her feelings． (3) 在不定式前。 He hasnapos;t decided whether to visit the old man． I donapos;t know whether to go． He hasnapos;t decided whether to go by bus or by train． (4)whether置于句首时，不能换用if。如： 　　Whether this is true or not，I canapos;t say． ? (5) 引导主语从句(置于句首)和表语从句。 Whether she will come or not is still a question． The question is whether we can catch the bus． ?(6)若用if会引起歧义时，则用