中考定语从句课件.ppt

限制性定语从句不用逗号与主句分开，对所修饰的词起特指或限定的作用，去掉后意思不完整或不太清楚。 例如：This is the man who helped me. 非限制性的定语从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开，只对被修饰的词语或主句起补充说明的作用，去掉后对句意影响不大。 例如： I have two sisters, who are both doctors Grammar 定语从句复习课件 概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词 的句子. (Attributive clause) Mary is a beautiful girl. Mary is a girl who is beautiful. 形容词作定语 句子作定语,修饰girl, 叫做定语从句 Mary is a girl. Mary has long hair. 合并为一个句子 Mary is a girl who has long hair. 先行词 关系词 定语从句 Mary is a girl who has long hair. 关系代词 关系副词 which, who, whom, whose, that Where, when,why 先行词和关系词 先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 先行词、关系词/引导词 {对等 } 代替 That is the bike which my father bought for me. 先行词＝关系词 bike 关系词的作用：既引导定语从句，又在定 语从句中充当某种成分。 关系代词如何引导定语从句 普通代词与关系代词的区别 I have a sister.She works in Shanghai. 代替 sister I have a sister who/that works in Shanghai. 普通代词：只起代替的作用（如上例she) 关系代词： （如上例who/which） 1. 除了代替先行词外， 2.它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分， 3. 同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句。 （把主句和从句连起来） 说明如下 The building is our school.+The building stands by the river.= The building which/that stands by the river is our school. 先行词 关系词 从句 which、that 是关系代词，它在从句中代替先行词the building, 同时担任从句中的主语，也起连词的作用，把两个简单句连接 起来。 关系代词的使用取决于先行词，因为关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后. 而且它的 人称、数必须和先行词一致。 The woman that/who is speaking at the meeting is my mother. (主句) The woman is my mother (从句) The woman is speaking at the meeting. {主语是单数} The women that/who are speaking at the meeting are famous scientists. (主句)The women are famous scientists. (从句)The women are speaking at the meeting. {主语是复数} 关系词判 断 步 骤 : 首先，要辨别出先行词。 如果先行词是指人,关系词可能就用 who,that,whom,whose。如果先行词指物,关系词可能用which或that 然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表 先行词 主格