导学案语法2.docVIP

课题： Have you ever been to an amusement park? 总课时数：1 课型：语法课姓名： 班级： 【学习目标】 现在完成时的基本用法 延续性动词与短暂性动词的用法区别 【重点难点】 重点：现在完成时的基本用法 难点：【学法指导】 1、时态学习重点在掌握它的谓语构成情况及时态标志词。 2、对于易混淆词的用法重在理解他们的不同之处。 【问题设计】 一、现在完成时态： 1概念：（）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻一直持续到现在的动作和状态,常与表示持续的时间状语 和 连用 表示持续动作或状态的动词多是 since和for用since和for填空 1) ______ two years 2) _______ two years ago 3) _______ last month 4) ______ 1999 5) _______ yesterday 6) _______ 4 o’clock 7) ______ 4 hours 8) _______ an hour ago 9) _______we were children 10) ______ she left here 1. He has lived in Nanjing ________ the year before last. 2. I’ve known him __________ we were children. 3. Our teacher has studied Japanese _________ three years. 4. She has been away from the city ___________ about ten years. 5. It’s about ten years __________ she left the city. 经过上面的练习请总结出since和forSince for 3. 非延续性动词不能与时间段连用：o /come /begin /start /die /buy/ borrow/ sell /leave / arrive / receive / become / jon等词语是瞬间动词表示的动作是一时的，不能延续，不能与for、since等表示一段时间的词连用，也不能用于how long引导的疑问句中。 如不能说：He has borrowed the book for two months.(ⅹ) 但可以说：He has kept the book for 2 months. 这些瞬间动词常与它对应的可以表示时间段的词语进行互换。 become—be borrow—keep（have kept） buy—have （have had） die—be dead (have been dead) begin (start)—be on (have been on)leave--be away(have been away) open—be open (have been open) close---- be close (have been closed) come--be here/in (have been here/in) go out—be out (have been out) join--be a member of /be in (have been a member of / been in) 注明：非延续性动词在否定结构中可用于现在完成时态： I haven’t bought anything for two days. 练习：短暂性转换延续性They borrowed it last week. They _______ _________ it since ________ __________. 2. I bought a pen two hours ago. I _________ _________ a pen for ________ __________. 3.He left Fuzhou just now. He _____ ______ ______ _______ Fuzhou for five minutes. 4.My grandpa died in 2003. My gran