石家庄市雾霾时空特征及影响因子探究.docVIP

石家庄市雾霾时空特征及影响因子探究 　　摘要：分析了石家庄市2015年全年空气质量监测点位所统计的PM2.5和PM10浓度数据的时空分布特征，并研究了PM2.5和PM10浓度与风速、降水量、气温、气压等气象因子以及社会经济之间的相关程度。结果表明，石家庄市PM2.5、PM10在时间上具有周期性演变规律，主要集中在秋冬季节，在空间上具有分布不均衡的现象；影响PM2.5、PM10时空分布规律的因素包括自然气象和社会经济两大因素，气象要素是雾霾集聚、转移与扩散的重要影响因子，而社会经济要素是影响石家庄市雾霾频发的根本性原因。因此，治理雾霾的根本在于能源结构的调整 关键词：雾霾；时空分布特征；自然因素；社会因素；PM2.5；PM10；石家庄市 中图分类号：X51 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2017）09-1652-05 DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2017.09.013 Temporal and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Haze and Its Influencing Factors in Shijiazhuang City LIU Zheng， CUI Ze-jia （Department of Resources and Environment Science， Shijiazhuang University， Shijiazhuang 050035， China） Abstract： Temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of PM2.5 and PM10 concentration that derived from air quality monitoring stations of Shijiazhuang city in the whole year of 2015 were analyzed， and the relation between fine particulate matter and each of meteorological factors， such as wind speed， rainfall， temperature， pressure， and social economy was studied. The results showed that PM2.5 and PM10 presented a periodic trend， mainly concentrated in autumn and winter season， and their spatial distribution was not balanced. The factors affecting the temporal and spatial distribution of PM2.5 and PM10 included natural meteorological elements and social economic factors， meteorological elements were important impact factors that led to smog concentration， transfer and diffusion， and social and economic elements were fundamental factors affecting the frequent haze in Shijiazhuang. So， the management of haze lies in the adjustment of energy structure. Key words： haze；temporal and spatial distribution characteristics；natural factors；social factors；PM2.5；PM10；Shijiazhuang city 霾是由?馊芙汉推?体污染物造成的一种城市和区域性空气污染现象[1]。雾霾天气主要是因为空气中含有可吸入颗粒物、SO2、氮氧化物等，其中衡量雾霾指标的污染物是可吸入颗粒物，即粒径小于2.5 μm的细颗粒物。PM2.5、PM10浓度增加时直接导致雾霾天气的产生，致使大量有害污染物产生，其发生时能见度明显降低，空气质量恶化，威胁人体健康，严重阻碍人们的日常生活 从国外来讲，西方工业发达的国家在20世纪已经经历过现阶段中国的雾霾天气，尤其是20世纪50年代