初中英语状语从句语法及考点归纳(带练习).doc

状语从句状语从句（Adverbial Clauses）状语从句即指在主从复合句用作状语的从句。按照其意义，状语从句可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句等。比较灵活，可以置于句首，也可以置于句末。 1. 时间状语从句 (1) when引导的时间状语从句 when引导的时间状语从句，其动词既可以是延续性动作的动词，也可以是瞬间性动作的动词，而且可以表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，或者从句的动作发生在主句的动作之前。如：when you apply for a job, you must present your credentials.当你申请工作时，你必须递交你的有关证件。（同时）when the students heard the teacher’s footsteps, they all talking.当学生们听到老师的脚步声时，他们都停止了讲话。（从句动作发生在前） when还可表示just then（正在那时，突然）的意思，此时其所引导的从句只放在主句之后。如：we were about to start when it began to rain.我们正要动身，突然天下起雨来。(2) as引导的时间状语从句as引导的时间状语从句其动词的动作是延续性的，而且侧重表示主句和从句的动作并相发生：We were having breakfast as she was combing her hair.?她梳头时我们在吃早饭。(3) while引导的时间状语从句while表示“在某一段时间里”或“在……期间”，其所引导的从句的动作是延续性的，并侧重表示和主句的动作同时发生。如：I can learn while I work.?我可以边工作边学习。 (4) before引导的时间状语从句 before“在……之前”I’ll be back before you have left.你离开之前我就会回来。 before“……之后才”It may be many years before we meet again.可能要过许多年我们才能再见了。It was three days before I came back.他三天后才回来。 (5) as soon as/once/directly/the instant等引导的时间状语从句as soon as 是最常见的表示“一……就”的从属连词，其他连词还有once，directly，immediately，instantly，the instant (that)，the minute(that) ，the moment(that)等，它们通常都可与as soon as换用。如：As soon as we got home, the telephone rang.我们一到家，电话就响了。I recognized her immediately I saw her.我一看见她就认出她来了。 (6) hardly...when/no sooner...than引导的时间状语从句关联从属连词hardly/barely/scarcely...when和no sooner...than的意思是“刚……就”，它们所引导的从句中的谓语动词通常为过去完成时。如：He had no soonerarrived home than he was asked to start on another journey.他刚一到家，就又要他出另一次差。No sooner had the words been spoken than he realized that he should have remained silent.这些话刚一出口，他就意识到自己应该保持沉默。 (7) since引导的时间状语从句在含有since引导的时间状语从句的复合句中，从句的谓语动词通常为一般过去时，主句的谓语动词通常为现在完成时、过去完成时和一般现在时We’ve never met since we graduated from the college.大学毕业后我们就再没见过面。Great changes have taken place since you left.你走了以后，这里发生了巨大变化。 (8) till/until引导的时间状语从句 till和until同义，作“直到……时(为止)”解，till多用于非正式文体，until多用于句首。如：Donald will remain in college until(till) he finishes his Ph.D c