2015职称英语新增阅读理解逐句翻译版概要1.doc

第九篇 AnEssential Scientific Process All life on the earth depends upon green plants.Using sunlight, the plants produce their own food. Then animals feed upon theplants. They take in the nutrients the plants have made and stored. But that’snot all. Sunlight also helps a plant produce oxygen. Some of the oxygen is usedby the plant, but a plant usually produces more oxygen than it uses. The excess oxygen is necessary for animalsand other organisms to live. The process of changing light into food and oxygenis called photosynthesis. Besides light energy from the sun, plants also usewater and carbon dioxide. The water gets to the plant through its roots. Thecarbon dioxide enters the leaves through tiny openings called stomata. Thecarbon dioxide travels to chloroplasts, special cells in the bodies of greenplants. This is where photosynthesis takes place. Chloroplasts contain the chlorophyllsthat give plants their green color. The chlorophylls are the molecules thattrap light energy. The trapped light energy changes water and carbon dioxide toproduce oxygen and a simple sugar called glucose. Carbon dioxide and oxygen move into and out of thestomata. Water vapor also moves out of the stomata. More than 90 percent ofwater a plant takes in through its roots escapes through the stomata. Duringthe daytime, the stomata of most plants are open. This allows carbon dioxide toenter the leaves for photosynthesis. As night falls, carbon dioxide is notneeded. The stomata of most plants close. Water loss stops. If photosynthesis ceased, there would be littlefood or other organic matter on the earth. Most organisms would disappear. Theearth’s atmosphere would no longer contain oxygen. Photosynthesis is essentialfor life on our planet. An Essential Scientific Process 参考译文：一个至关重要的科学过程 1. All life on the earth depends upon green plants. 参考译文：地球上所有的生命都依靠绿色植物生存。 2. Using sunlight, the plants produce their ownfood. 参考译文：植物利用阳光制造自己的食物。 3. Then animals feed upon the plants. 参考译文：而动物则以植物为食。 4. Th