[外研版]2013届高考英语一轮复习语法专题10正反解读定语从句.ppt

2．[2011·全国卷Ⅰ] The prize will go to the writer ________ story shows the most imagination. A．that B．which C．whose D．what [解析] C　考查定语从句。本空在定语从句中作story的定语，因此用 whose。 3．[2011·山东卷] The old town has narrow streets and small houses ________are built close to each other. A．they B．where C．what D．that [解析] D　考查定语从句。从结构判断，houses后面是一个定语从句，先行词在从句中作主语，因此用that引导。 4．[2011·江西卷] She showed the visitors around the museum，the construction________ had taken more than three years. A．for which B．with which C．of which D．to which [解析] C　考查定语从句。句意：她带参观者在博物馆里到处参观，这家博物馆的建设花了三年多时间。 the construction of which＝whose construction。 5．[2011·浙江卷] English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of ________uses it somewhat differently. A．which B．what C．them D．those [解析] A　考查定语从句。本句中的先行词是several diverse cultures，在从句中作of的宾语，所以应用关系代词which。 规则3：当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或者先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时，只能用that。如： The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben. 规则4：先行词既有人又有物时，只能用that。如： Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned? 规则5：当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时，为避免重复要用that。如： Who is the man that is standing there? 规则6：有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词已用which，另一个宜用that。如： They have set up a company, which deals with the things that are related to environment protection. 规则7：当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词也在定语从句中作表语时，只能用that。如： Hangzhou is no more the city that it used to be. 2．定语从句中的关系代词只能用 which的情况： 规则1：在引导非限制性定语从句时。如： The tree, which is four hundred years old, is very famous here. 规则2：介词后。如： We depend on the land from which we get our food. 规则3：有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词已用that，另一个宜用which。 3．定语从句中的关系代词只能用who的情况： 规则1：当先行词是anyone, those时。如： Is there anyone who is ready to help the injured person? 规则2：有两个定语从句，先行词指人时，其中一个关系代词已用that，另一个宜用who。 4．whose的使用 whose可以指代人或物，在定语从句中只能作定语， 后跟名词。指物时，whose＋名词＝the＋名词＋of which ＝ of which＋the＋名词。如： The classroom whose door/the door of which/of which the door is broken is on the second floor. ?　考点二　关系代词as和which的使用 　　在非限制性定语从句中，as和which可代替整个主句，相当于and this或and that。