C++的多态性实现机制剖析(国外英文).docVIP

C++的多态性实现机制剖析(国外英文资料) Analysis of the implementation mechanism of C++ polymorphism That is, VC++ video third lesson, this pointer detail Authors: Sun Xin time: Thursday, January 12, 2006 1. polymorphism and virtual function Lets look at an example first: Example 1-1 #include iostream.h Class animal { Public: Void, sleep () { Cout animal sleep endl; } Void, breathe () { Cout animal breathe endl; } }; Class fish:public animal { Public: Void, breathe () { Cout fish bubble endl; } }; Void, main () { Fish fh; Animal *pAn=fh; PAn-breathe (); } Note that virtual functions are not defined in the example 1-1 program. Consider the example 1-1. What is the result of the program execution? The answer is output: Animal breathe We in the main () function is first defined a fish class object FH, then define a pointer to animal class variable pAn, FH address assigned to the pointer variable pAn, and then use this variable to call pAn-breathe (). Many students tend to confuse this with the polymorphism of C++, which means that FH is actually an object of the fish class, which should call the breathe () of the fish class, output the fish bubble, and then the result is not the case. Lets explain the reasons in two aspects. 1, compile angle The C++ compiler at compile time, to determine the function of each object call address, this is called early binding (early binding), when we put objects of class fish FH address assigned to the pAn, the C++ compiler of the type conversion, the C++ compiler that variable pAn preservation is the address of a animal object. When pAn-breathe () is executed in the main () function, the call is, of course, the breathe function of the animal object. 2, memory model angle We gave the fish object memory model, as shown in the following figure: Animal accounts for memory The part of an object that adds itself to fish Memory for objects of class fish ///////////////////////////// memory model figure 1- 1 fish class object We construct the fish class of objec