生物修复制剂在溢油污染海岸线中的应用.pdfVIP

环境工程 162 Environmental Engineering 生扬修复制刻在温油污染海岸线中的应用* 代小丽I 阁光绪l 宋佳宇2 郭绍辉1 蔡 斌1 (1.中国石?由大擎(北京)北京市油气污染防治重点实验室重质池国家实验室.北京 102249; 2 中国石油安全环保技术研究院，北京 102206) 摘要:生物修复制剂是解决溢油污染的终极策略。常见的生物修复制来l 主要包括生物强化制剂和生物刺激制剂。 在实验室条件下，生物强化制剂能有效提高石油污染物的生物降解效率，然而并不能证明生物强化制剂在现场应用时 的有效性。然而，大量实验室和现场研究表明，生物剌激制剂能有效地促进石油污染物的生物降解，并且生物剌激效 果好于生物添加效果。生物剌激制剂的选择依赖于受污染环境的特性和营养剂本身的特性。如果营养释放速率能够 得到有效地控制，缓释肥料是最为理想的营养源。水溶性肥料在低能、细砂质、水动力有限的海岸线更为有效;亲脂性 肥料更适于高能、粗砂质的海滩或者有较少露岩的地区。 关键词:溢油污染:海岸线;生物修复制剂 2 生物强化制剂i 生物剌激制剂 DOI: 10. 13205/j. hjgc. 201611034 REVIEW ON APPLICATION OF BIOREMEDIATION AGENTS IN THE OIL SPILLS SHORELINES DAI Xiao-li , YAN Guang-xu , SONG Jia-yu , GVO Shao-hui , CAI Bin ( 1. State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing , Beijing Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Pollution Control , China University of Petroleum , Beijing 102249 , China; 2. CNPC Research Institute of Safety Environment Technology , Beijing 102206 , China) Abslract: Bioremediation agents were popularized as the ultimate solution to oil spills. ßioremediation agents are also classified as bioaugmentation agents and biostimulation agents , based on the main approaches in bioremediation of oil contamination. Bioaugmentation agents can effectively improve the efficiency of biodegradation of oil in the laboratory environment. However , this results doesn 1 mean good performance in actual application. Studies in the laboratory and field demonstrated that biostimulation agents can effectively promote the biodegradation of the spilled oíl; furthermore , the effect of biostimulation is better than bioaugmentation. Biostimulation agents should be selected according to the characteristic of contaminated en