必修四 Unit 1 Adertising 专题语法攻略(十)动词不定式 要点精析.ppt

形式 主动 语态 被动 语态 意义 一般式 to do to be done 表示不定式动作与谓语动作同时发生或发生在其后 完成式 to have done to have been done 表示不定式的动作发生在句子谓语动作之前 进行式 to be doing 表示谓语动作发生时，不定式动作正在进行 一、不定式的时态和语态 He is said to go abroad next week.据说他下周要出国。 Im sorry to have given you so much trouble. 真对不起，给你带来这么多麻烦。 He is said to be studying abroad now. 据说他现在正在国外学习。 二、不定式的功能 不定式可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定 语、状语等。 1．单个不定式作主语，谓语动词用单数。有时，为保持 句子平衡，常用it作形式主语，而把真正作主语的动 词不定式放在句尾。 To be invited to the party is really exciting. ＝It is really exciting to be invited to the party. 能被邀请去参加聚会真是令人兴奋。 2. 在英语中有很多动词后应接不定式作宾语，请牢 记下列口诀： 要想拒绝 忘记(want, refuse, forget) 需要努力学习(need, try, learn) 喜欢同意帮助(like, agree, help) 设法安排计划(manage, arrange, plan) 希望决定开始(hope/wish/expect, decide/determine,begin)o 3.英语中可以跟不带“to”的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词如下： 一感(feel),二听(hear, listen to),三让(have, make, let),四看(see, watch, observe, notice),“半”帮助(help)(help后的动词不定式带to和不带to均可) 4．在英语中，可跟带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动 词及短语有：advise, ask, allow, beg, encourage, forbid, force, expect, order, persuade, prefer, like, love, invite, intend, get, cause, warn, wish, want, tell, call on, wait for等。 5．不定式作主语补足语时，常涉及以下动词的有关 句型：say, believe, think, report，suppose等。 He is said to be writing a novel about himself. 据说他正在写一部自传小说。 Thirteen school kids were reported to have been killed in the terrible accident. 据报道13名学生在这场可怕的事故中丧生。 6．一般情况下，不定式结构可放在某些特定名词或 代词之后，作定语，这些名词或代词如下： attempt, ability, chance, desire, decision, effort, failure, intention, need, plan, promise, right, time, way, chance, courage, reason, something, anything, nothing等。 7．不定式作结果状语的常用结构 so＋adj./adv. as to...如此……以至于…… such＋adj.＋n.＋as to...如此……以至于…… adj./adv. enough to do sth.足够…… too＋adj./adv. to do sth.太……不能…… only to do...结果……(表出乎意料的结果) He got up early this morning so as not to be