天大化工原理英文版Chapter42连续性方程.pptVIP

* 3. Angular-momentum equation steady two-dimensional flow (4.53) * (4.65)*** 4. Bernoulli equation * (4.57) Equation (4.57) is the point form of the Bernoulli equation without friction. Eq.(4.56) turn to * In fps units (4.58a) (4.58b) Equation (4.58) is known as the Bernoulli equation without friction. It is a particular form of a mechanical energy balance Integrating Eq. (4.57) over the system shown in Fig. 4.8 gives * Discussion about Bernoulli Equation Static energy 静压能 压力能 potential energy 势能，位能 kinetic energy 动能 J/kg total mechanical energy per unit mass , J/kg (a) Each term in Eq. (4.58) is a scalar and has the dimensions of energy per unit mass, * (b) Total mechanical energy is constant. Mechanical energy can change from one form to other form. * 3,4高度反映静压能 * (c) for a stationary fluid, density is constant Eq. (4.58a) become (2.4) Equation of hydrostatic equilibrium is the particular form of Bernoulli equation * (d) to identify the streamline or stream tube, to choose definite upstream and downstream stations, and to choose datum surface. * EXAMPLE 4.4. Brine, specific gravity 60°F /60°F = 1.15, is draining from the bottom of a large open tank through a 50-mm pipe. The drainpipe ends at a point 5 m below the surface of the brine in the tank. Considering a streamline starting at the surface of the brine in the tank and passing through the center of the drain line to the point of discharge, and assuming that friction along the streamline is negligible, calculate the velocity of flow along the streamline at the point of discharge from the pipe. * a a’ b b’ 5m Solution. choose station a as upstream station at the brine surface station b as downstream station at the end of the streamline at the point of discharge. The datum for measurement of heights can be taken through station b * (4.58a) pa = pb = atmospheric pressure ua is negligible, Zb = 0 and Za = 5 m. a a’ b b’ 5m * Fluid is flowing in a siphon. Friction along the streamline is negligible. C