Chapter 4Determiners and genitives限定词和属格概要1.pptVIP

Chapter Review This chapter extends the topic with nouns, focusing on determiners and genitives in relation to nouns.重点是与名词相关的限定词和属格。 First, five differences between determiners and adjectives.首先，限定词和形容词的区别。 Then, the functions, sub-classes and usage of determiners.其次，限定词的功能，分类和用法。 Finally,forms and types of genitives. 最后，属格(所有格)的形式和类型。 Technical terms 专业术语 determiner [d?t??m?n?] 限定词 identifier [a?dent?fa??] 识别功能 quantifier [kw?nt?fa??] 数量功能 generic [d??ner?k] reference 类指 specific [sp?s?f?k] reference 确指 genitive [d?en?t?v] 属格；所有格 of-phrase. of短语 group genitive 集体属格 local genitive 地点属格 double genitive 双重属格 4.0 Introduction eg:Our nations [ancient culture presented to us by our sages] Modifiers: ancient and presented to us by our sages Head word: culture Determiner and genitive: our nations 最常见的限定词(P91第二段)：articles冠词，possessive pronouns物主代词, demonstrative pronouns指示代词， numerals数量词等。 4.1 Determiners 限定词 Determiners refer to words which are used in the premodification of a noun phrase and which typically precede any adjectives that premodify the head word. 限定词指的是用在名词短语前置修饰语中的词，一般在修饰中心词的形容词之前。 eg: these pretty girls a nice girl Differences between determiners and adjectives : (了解) 限定词和形容词之间的区别(P92第一段最后一句) 1.限定词通常在形容词之前 Eg: a nice girl 2.限定词的选择由中心词决定，而不是形容词决定 Eg: a/the good man, *these good man(错误) 3.形容词表示中心词特征，限定词识别和量化中心词。 Eg: many good/useful books 4.形容词可放在中心词后，限定词不可 Eg: people old and young, * people many or few(错误) 5.形容词有比较级，限定词没有 4.1.1 Functions of determiners 功能：identifier 识别功能 quantifiers 数量功能 definite reference 特指 indefinite reference 泛指 Eg: There is a house on the hill. (泛指识别) The house is mine.(特指识别) I want some coffee.(泛指数量) Give me two hours to finish this work.(特指数量) 4.1.2 Co-occurrence of determiners 限定词同现 当多个限定词同时出现，共同修饰中心词时，有一定的排列顺序，如课本(P93表格)： 前位限定词: all, both, twice, many… 中位限定词: 冠词，指示词，物主代词，所有格… 后位限定词: 基数词，序数词，many, much, little... Eg: I know all the three other girls in our class. 注意：一般情况下，只能同时使用一个前位或者中位限定词，但是后