简单句和句子成分.docVIP

简单句和句子成分 一 分析以下句子的句子成分 They are standing on the playground. Fishing becomes popular. Jane finished her homework. 句子的基本要素：主语+谓语 主语一般由名词、代词、动名词和不定式充当。谓语由动词或动词短语充当。动词的词性不同， 选用的句式也有所不同 句型一：主语+谓语(vi)+(状语) 1)She disappeared. 2）I live in Guangdong. 3）Hearing the good news, he jumped with joy. 不及物动词能表达完整的意思，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等，谓语的修饰词叫状语, 可出现在句首或句末。 2. 句型二：主语+谓语(Link v.)+表语 1)I am a student. 2) We are happy now 3) My job is teaching English. 用以说明主语的特征、类属、状态、身份等。系动词不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语。 1表语一般跟在系动词后面； 2表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、副词、动名词、不定式、分词或介词短语充当。 系动词包括以下三类（21 words)： be动词 “是”; seem 似乎,好像, appear 显得, 好像,似乎; feel 觉得感觉; look看起来;smell闻起来; taste尝起来;sound听起来;become 变得;get 变得; turn 变成; grow 逐渐变成；go 变得;fall 进入某种状态come 变成;stay保持;keep 保持; remain仍然是stand 处于某种状态;continue 继续存在 句型三：主语+谓语(vt)+宾语 1. 主语+谓语+名词或代词(n./pron) Many boys likes football very much. 2. 主语+谓语+动名词 I enjoy living in the country. 3. 主语+谓语+不定式 Mother promised to buy me a new computer. 4. 主语+谓语+wh-+to do sth We haven’t decided where to hold the sports meet 1.) 宾语跟在及物动词后面或介词后面 2. )宾语由名词、代词、动名词、不定式或wh-+to do sth充当 跟不定式作宾语的动词: vt+to do afford, agree同意, arrange(设法/约定), ask, beg(恳求,请求), choose, decide, demand(要求,请求), desire(想要), determine, expect, fail, hate, happen(碰巧), hesitate(踌躇), hope, intend, learn, manage(设法成功), mean(打算), offer, plan, prefer, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, want, etc. 跟动名词作宾语的动词: vt+doing admit承认, advise建议,allow允许,appreciate感激，avoid避免，consider思考, deny否认, dislike不喜欢, enjoy喜欢, escape逃避, finish完成, forbid禁止,imagine想象,include包括, keep保持, mind介意,mention提及, miss错过,permit允许,practice练习, quit停止, resist经得住, suggest建议, feel like想要, 判断以下句子使用哪种句型，并翻译为中文 1. He looks tired. 2. His words hurt me. 3. She decides to stay here. 4. The food tastes delicious. 5. The book belongs to me. 6. Hearing the news, her face turned red. 7. She joined in all kinds of activities at university. 8. To our delight, Doctor Zhang recovered from the disease. 9. He rea