语法一(简单句,并列句,定语从句)(.docVIP

简单句、并列句和复合句一、简单句 当一个句子只包含一个主谓结构时称为简单句。简单句大体上可以分为下面五种类型： 1．主语＋谓语 The plane has landed. He sat down beside me. 2．主语＋系动词＋表语 表语可以是形容词、名词、代词、副词、分词、不定式、介词短语、从句等。 The medicine tastes horrible. 3．主语＋谓语＋宾语 Who can answer this question? Lots of people are applying for the job. 4．主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语 My uncle gave me a ticket. I showed my passport to one of the immigration officers. 从以上例句可见，短的间接宾语(如me，them，Jane)都放在前面，较长的都放到后面。至于加to还是for要根据动词决定。 5．主语＋谓语＋宾语＋补语 宾语和补语一起构成复合宾语。补语的作用就是为宾语补充一些重要的信息资料。 They appointed him managing director. 在以上五类句子中，有些句子，如祈使句，主语一般省略掉。 Show me your passport. 二、并列句 并列句的两部分可用分号(；)连接。 It was getting late；she had to hurry to the station. 但更多的并列句都包含一个并列连词，把两部分连接起来，这两部分可称为分句，也可称为并列分句。英语中的并列连词有：and, but, for, or, so, yet, nor，not only...but(also)，either...or，neither...nor等，由它们连接并列分句。 He shook his head，for he thought differently. 三、复合句 包含一个主句和一个或几个从句的句子叫复合句，从句由从属连词或关系代词引导。从句分为定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句。 The news that our women volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly. A man who doesn’t learn from others can’t achieve much. The film had begun when we got to the cinema. 1．I refuse to accept the blame for something ________was someone else’s fault.A．whoB．thatC．as D．what 2．Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel，David Copperfield，was ______it was rather closely modeled on his own life. A．whatB．thatC．whyD．whether 3．—I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays. —That’s ________I don’t agree. You should have a more active life. A．whereB．howC．whenD．what 4．In Chinathe number of cities is increasing ___development is recognized across the world. A．where B．which C．whose D．that 5．The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people，many of ________left their village homes for a better life in the city.A．whom B．which C．them D．those 1．________ scientists know where a storm will happen，winds will suddenly change，carrying the storm to a new direction.A．Even if B. Since C．DespiteD．Unless 2．Is ________ 48 hours ________ the ma