第十四次-非谓语动词及习题.doc

高中重要语法---非谓语动词 非谓语动词不受人称和数的限制，在句中可以作除谓语以外的其他任何成分。 非谓语动词包括三种形式: doing ; done ; to do ; 动词不定式 一、 不定式作宾语 1) 动词+ 不定式 agree；ask；be；decide；care；choose； come；；demand；determine；decide；expect；hope；fail；happen；help；learn；mean；offer；ought；plan；prepare；promise；refuse；seem；wait； love, like, begin, start, hate, prefer, continue, 后可接不定式和动名词意义差别不大。 3）意义不大相同的几组 stop to do　　　　　stop doing　　　 forget to do　　　　 forget doing remember to do　　　remember doing　　　　　 try to do　　　　　　try doing want to do want doing go on to do另外的　 go on doing同一件　　　　　　　 afraid to do去做什么 afraid doing 做了什么 mean to do　　　　　 mean doing can’t help to do(不能帮助做) can’t help doing 禁不住 二、 不定式作补语 1) 动词+宾语Sb+不定式(to) do allow; advise; believe; cause; consider; encourage; find; guess; invite;例句：Father will not allow us to play on the street. 父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。 2) let; make; have; see; hear ;feel; watch; notice sb do sth 三、不定式主语 (常常使用形式主语的形式) 1）Its easy (for me) to do that.我做这事太容易了 easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, impossible, comfortable, necessary, better; the first, the next, the last, the best,　too much, too little, not enough Its so nice to hear your voice. =To here your voice is so nice. Its necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it. 当你不用车的时候，锁车是有必要的。 2) Its very kind of you to help us.　他帮助我们，他真好。 四、不定式作表语 　不定式可放在be动词后面，形成表语。例如： 　　 My work is to clean the room every day. 五、 不定式作定语 1）不定式做定语通常要放在被修饰的名词或代词后。例如： 　　　I have a lot of work to do.　 　　　So he made some candles to give light. 2）如果不定式和前面的修饰词构成动宾关系，而不定式为不及物动词，要加介词。 I have a small bedroom to live in. 六、不定式作状语 1）目的状语:放在go ; come; use; live; in order to; I come to see you. 2）作结果状语，表事先没有预料到的，要放在句子后面。 　　What have I said to make you angry. 　　He searched the room only to find nothing. 3)　表原因:放在sorry, glad, surprised, disappointed; excited.等词的后面 　　Im glad to see you. 七、用作介词的to to有两种用法：一为不定式+动词原形；一为介词+名词/动名词, to 在下面的用法中是第二种，admit to doing承认，confess to承认，be accustomed to 习惯于， be used to 习惯于，stick to 坚持，turn to开始，着手，de