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英语高考定语从句的化简
定语从句的简化 There is something else that they can do. The T-shirt which his sister bought for him is very nice The girl who is sitting under the tree is my best friend. The T-shirt which his sister bought for him is very nice. * * 定语从句的简化方法 引 言 定语从句是中学英语的难点语法项目,许多同学在学习和运用定语从句时,感到很难理解。若将其简化,理解起来就比较简单了。为了使句子变得简洁,往往可以把从句简化为短语,这也是句型转换常考的重点之一。定语从句简化的方法常见的有以下几种: A foreign language is a bridge to friendship and science 1. 定语从句转换成不定式短语。 定语从句中的谓语动词是将来时或含有情态动词时,往往可把从句转化为不定式短语,从句中的情态动词可以省略,不定式的逻辑主语也可省略,但介词+关系代词引导的限制性定语从句转换成不定式短语时,关系代词可省略,介词不可省。 例如: A foreign language is a bridge to friendship and science This is the best thing that we can do in memory of our beloved teacher. →This is the best thing to do in memory of our beloved teacher. The next train which will arrive is from Beijing. →The next train to arrive is from Beijing. He is a good person with whom you can work. →He is a good person to work with. Have you anything that you want to say at the meeting? →Have you anything to say at the meeting? A foreign language is a bridge to friendship and science → There is something else for them to do. → The T-shirt bought for him is very nice ---Do you have anything else that you want to buy in the shop? → Do you have anything else to buy in the shop? A foreign language is a bridge to friendship and science 2.定语从句转换成分词短语。 如果定语从句中的谓语动词是主动语态,用现在分词短语来替换从句;如果定语从句中的谓语动词是被动语态,则用过去分词短语来替换从句。如: The man who is standing over there is my English teacher. →The man standing over there is my English teacher. Yesterday we had a meeting which lasted two hours. →Yesterday we had a meeting lasting two hours. A foreign language is a bridge to friendship and science The boy who stands against the door is his younger brother. →The boy standing against the door is his younger brother. The dictionary which my mother bought for me is very useful. →The dictionary bought for me by my mother is very useful. The books which
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