Lecture 4 Manufacturing Process (制造流程).PDF

4‐1 Lecture 4 Manufacturing Process (製造流程) • 4.1 Production Processes ( 生產流程) • 4.2 How manufacturing processes are organized • 4.3 Manufacturing process flow design (設計 ) • 4.4 Manufacturing layout (佈置) • 性能指標：彈性、價格或成本、 4‐2 4-1 Production Processes ( 生產流程) • Lead time (前置時間 ): The time needed to respond to a customer order (訂單 ) • Customer order decoupling point (訂單分界點 ): where inventory is positioned in the supply chain to operate independently (獨立) 4‐3 Types of Firms (1): Make-to-Stock (存貨生產) • Serve customers from finished goods (成品) inventory – Televisions, clothing, packaged food products • Balance: The level of inventory and customer service – Easy with unlimited (無限) inventory, but inventory costs money • Use lean (精實) manufacturing to achieve higher service levels for a given inventory investment. (in Lecture 4‐4 Types of Firms (2): Assemble-to-Order (接單裝配) • Combine a number of preassembled modules (預先組成 的模組 ) to meet a customer’s specifications ( • Define a customer’s order in terms of alternative ( 供選擇 的 ) components because these are carried in inventory – Dell Computer : 5處理器 4硬碟 6螢幕 = 120種 – Significant advantages: The customer order decoupling point from finished goods (120) to components (15). • One capability required is a design that enables as much flexibility (彈性 ) as possible in combining components. 4‐5 Typ