高中现在完成时讲解与练习(非常详细).docVIP

现在完成时练习 一、 现在完成时的构成 1. 现在完成时结构： 主语+助动词have(has) +动词过去分词 否定句：have/has后加not, haven’t/hasn’t 一般疑问句：前提have/has 2．现在完成时的概念： 1) 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 --Have you had your lunch yet?你吃过午饭了吗？ --Yes, I have. I have just had it. 是的，我刚吃过。 (现在我不饿了。) I have already posted the photos. 我已经寄过这些照片。(这些照片已不在我这里了。) 2) 过去发生的事情，一直持续到现在（其谓语动词多是延续性动词或表示状态的词）。 I haven’t seen her these days. 近来我一直没见过他。 I’ve known Li Lei for three years. 我认识李雷已经三年了。 They have lived here since 1996. 他们自从1996年就住在这儿。 She has taught us since I came to this school. 自从我来这所学校，她就教我。 3. 现在完成时多与下列时间状语连用： 1) 用于“过去发生的事，对现在造成的影响或结果”的时间状语有： already(已经→肯定句) yet(还;尚未→否/疑问句) never(从未) ever(曾经→疑问句 just(刚刚) before(以前) 2) 用于“过去发生的事，一直延续到现在”的时间状语有：for + 时间段(for two years) since two years ago since + 时间点 since 2008 since he came here. so far(目前;迄今为止) up to now=till now=by now到现在为止；直到现在 all the time 总是；一直 recently 最近 【by the end of…到…末/结束】by the end of this year 到今年年末 by the end of this month到本月末 during the last (past) few years 在过去的几年中 in the last past months在过去的几个月中 3) This/It is the first/second time + that从句 that从句要用现在完成时 This is the first time that I have come here. 4）在条件，时间，让步状语从句中，表示将来某时以前已完成的动作 I will not believe you unless I have seen it with my own eyes. I will go with you as soon as I have finished my work. 3. have(has) been 和 have(has) gone 区分 1) have/ has gone (to) 表示某人已经去了某地，人不在这儿。 --Where is Jim? – He has gone to London. (人不在这儿，已去了London) 2) have/ has been (to) 表示曾经到过某地，但现在人已回来。 I have been to Shanghai twice. 我到过上海两次。（以前去的上海，现在人已回来） --Where have you been, Jim? 吉姆，你去了哪里？ --I have been to the library. 我去了图书馆。 后面还可以跟不定式???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? I’ve?been?to?see?my?grandmother.(现已回来) ?She’s?been?to?do?some?shopping.? 3) have/has been in + 地点 (adv. 去to) 在某处呆过多长时间 (现在还在那里) How long have you been here/there? I have been here/t