芴和芴酮最低共熔点的测定-大学化学.PDF

大学化学(Daxue Huaxue) 60 Univ. Chem. 2016, 31 (10), 60－63 October ∙化学实验∙ doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201602003 芴和芴酮最低共熔点的测定 谢 鹤 于丽梅* 高占先* (大连理工大学化学学院，辽宁大连116024) 摘要：采用X-4 数字显示显微熔点测定仪测定了不同组成的芴与芴酮混合物试样的熔点，用最小二乘法 近似处理组成与熔点数据，得到芴和芴酮的最低共熔点为57.4 °C，其摩尔分数为芴39%和芴酮61% 。 该测定芴与芴酮最低共熔点的简单方法，可用于本科生的基础化学实验教学。 关键词：芴酮；芴；最低共熔点；实验教学 中图分类号：G64 ；O6 The Measurement on the Eutectic Point of Fluorene-Fluorenone Binary Mixtures XIE He YU Li-Mei* GAO Zhan-Xian* (School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning Province, P. R. China) Abstract: We discover the eutectic state in binary mixtures of fluorene-fluorenone. The melting temperatures of the solid mixtures with different fluorene/fluorenone ratios (mol percentage ) are measured by the X-4 digital display micro melting point apparatus. The least-squares method is used to analyze the relations between the melting points and the mol percentage of fluorenone in binary mixtures. The temperature and the mol percentage of fluorenone at the intersection of two fitting straight lines are the eutectic point and eutectic composition of fluorene-fluorenone binary system, respectively. The eutectic point is found to be 57.4 °C, and the mol percentage of fluorenone is 61%. This test method to determine the eutectic point of solid mixtures is suitable for undergraduate chemistry laboratory teaching. Key Words: Fluorenone; Fluorene; The eutectic point; Laboratory teaching 1 引 言 芴酮是芴的重要衍生物，是医药、染料、感光材料、农药中间体的合成原料。由芴氧化制备芴酮采 用相转移催化技术，以空气为氧化剂，反应本身符合原子经济性反应的标准，是一种绿色合成方法。 相转移法催化氧化芴