BIOS_主要功能介绍.ppt

BIOS Function Introduction BIOS Design Engineering June 2th, 2008 Agenda Why Computer Need BIOS BIOS ROM Image Layout Analysis Basic BIOS Control Flow The System BIOS Functions Why Computer Need BIOS? Base on Customer Design Auto Check Onboard Device Let Onboard Device Function Working Normally Bridge of Hardware OS Why Computer Need BIOS? 16M- Segment Type: 64k Block BootBlock ESCD DMI Main Block 0000:0000h 1F000:0000h 1F000:FFFFh HOLE DMI 11000:0000h 12000:0000h (64k) (1088k) (64k) (832k) 8M- Segment Type: 64k Block BootBlock ESCD DMI Main Block 0000:0000h F000:0000h F000:FFFFh HOLE DMI 6000:0000h 7000:0000h (64k) (384k) (64k) (512k) BIOS ROM Image Layout Basic BIOS Control Flow Boot Block BIOS start-up code CPU detection Memory sizing AT compatible device initialization BIOS decompression Boot block POST Power On Self Test (POST) E0 POST E8 POST OEM POST Boot to OS Basic BIOS Control Flow Basic BIOS Control Flow BIOS Major Features Power On Self Test Menu Items and CMOS ACPI and Power Management SMBIOS and DMI Flash BIOS Upgrade The System BIOS Functions BIOS Major Features Floppy Drive Enhanced IDE/SATA MultiBoot Multiple Processors ACPI Power Management Plug and Play PCI USB 1394 Boot Block DMI AGP I2C Clock Generator PC Health Monitor DRAM Auto Detection SRAM Auto Detection CPU/Speed Detection Flash BIOS Upgrade POST - Power On Self Test Initialize CPU, Memory, Clock and other component. Detect the onboard and add-in device. Assign the resource for the device. Analyze the system error status. The System BIOS Functions Important Post State: C0h -- Early chipset initialization. C5h -- Call chipset hook to copy BIOS back to E000 F000 shadow RAM. 0Ah --Disable PS/2 mouse (optional). 40h – Initialize Smart Fan (OEM feature). 50h -- Initialize USB. 52h --Test all memory (clear all extended memory to 0). The System BIOS Functions POST - Power On Self Test Important Post State: 75h -- Detect install all IDE devices 7Fh -- Switch back to text mo