螺栓紧固法兰安装和拆卸研究.pptVIP

* AN INTERNAL VIEW OF A BOLT TENSIONER. VERY SIMPLE. POINT OUT: BRIDGE, HYDRAULIC HEAD, RAM STROKE, SOCKET AND PULLER. * 50% SETTING OF STUDBOLTS. ASK DELEGATES IF THEY HAVE ANY RULES FOR SETTING THE STUDBOLTS. EXPLAIN THAT IN THE REFERENCE BOOK, IT STATES “A MINIMUM OF TWO DIAMETERS FROM THE BACK OF THE FLANGE TO THE TOP OF THE BOLT”. THIS WILL ACCOMMODATE METRIC THREADS AS WELL AS IMPERIAL. DO NOT FORGET THE NUTS AT THE OTHER END, THEY MUST HAVE 2-3 THREADS PROTRUDING THROUGH. 100% TENSIONING REQUIRES THE STUDBOLTS TO BE SET OPPOSITE TO EACH OTHER. * SUBSEA SET-UP LENGTH IS NOT A FORMULA. BOLT LENGTHS ARE GIVEN ON REQUEST OR CAN BE FOUND IN STANDARD LITERATURE. DRILLED NUTS FOR THE TOMMY BARS ELIMINATE NEED FOR SOCKETS. * SETTING OF STUDBOLTS FOR TENSIONERS. NUTS MUST BE FREE-RUNNING ON STUDBOLTS. ENSURE THE NUTS ARE FITTED THE CORRECT WAY ROUND. NIP UP OR SNUG UP ALL THE NUTS PRIOR TO FITTING THE TENSIONERS. THIS WILL ENSURE THAT THE BOLTS REMAIN IN PLACE DURING FITTING. * BACK TO THE RESIDUAL BOLT LOAD! APPLIED LOAD MINUS LOAD TRANSFER EQUALS RESIDUAL BOLT LOAD. BOLT IS BEING STRETCHED HYDRAULICALLY. NUTS ARE TIGHTENED AND PRESSURE RELEASED. BOLTS LOAD IS NOW REVERSED AND THE LOAD IS NOW MECHANICAL. SOMETHINGF HAS TO GIVE – LOAD TRANSFER. * ACTIVATE PUMP TO REQUIRED PRESSURE. TIGHTEN THE NUTS – RELEASE THE PRESSURE. INDICATE THE FORMULA, APPLIED LOAD MINUS LOAD TRANSFER EQUALS RESIDUAL BOLT LOAD. REPEAT TWICE MORE – EACH TIME THE RESIDUAL LOAD WILL INCREASE. BUT IT IS ONLY SET 1. WITH 50% TENSIONING, THERE IS SET 2 TO COMPLETE. WHEN PRESSURE IS APPLIED TO SET 2, SET 1 WILL REDUCE. * EXPLAIN THAT THERE ARE TWO PRESSURES, SO THAT THE BOLT LOADS WILL FINISH CLOSE TO EACH OTHER. REPEAT THE OPERATION WITH SET 2, USING PRESSURE “B”. INDICATE HOW SET 2 REDUCES. STANDARD 50% TENSIONING GRAPH. * 100% TENSIONING – PRESSURE “B” ONLY. 50% TENSIONING – “A” THREE TIMES, “B” THREE TIMES. BREAK LOOSE PRESSURE – EXPLAIN TERMINOLOGY AND HO