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核苷酸与核酸
History 1944: proved DNA is genetic materials (Avery et al.) 1953: discovered DNA double helix (Watson and Crick) 1968: decoded the genetic codes (Nirenberg) 1975: discovered reverse transcriptase (Temin and Baltimore) 1981: invented DNA sequencing method (Gilbert and Sanger) 1985: invented PCR technique (Mullis) 1990: launched the human genome project 1999: HGP in China 2001: accomplished the draft map of human genome 稀有碱基(rare bases) 一、核酸的一级结构(primary structure) 定义:核酸中核苷酸的排列顺序。 组成DNA分子的脱氧核糖核苷酸(dAMP, dGMP, dTMP, dCMP)的排列顺序。 组成RNA分子的核糖核苷酸(AMP, GMP, UMP, CMP)的排列顺序。 由于核苷酸间的差异主要是碱基不同,所以也称
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