不同粒度锡采矿废石重金属淋溶规律及影响机制.pdf

中国环境科学 2014,34(3) ：664~671 China Environmental Science 不同粒度锡采矿废石重金属淋溶规律及影响机制 * 林 海,于明利,董颖博 ,刘泉利,刘抒悦,刘 月 (北京科技大学土木与环境工程学院,北京 100083) 摘要：采用广西某锡矿不同粒度采矿废石进行模拟酸雨动态淋溶试验,研究了不同粒度锡采矿废石的淋溶规 ,结果表明,淋溶前期,废石溶出重 金属浓度呈上升趋势,Pb、Zn 溶出浓度表现出中粒度>细粒度>粗粒度,As 溶出浓度最高为 0.12mg/L,表现为细粒度> 中粒度>粗粒度;淋溶中后期, 废石溶出重金属浓度呈平缓甚至缓慢下降趋势,3 种重金属溶出规律均表现为细粒度> 中粒度>粗粒度, Pb 、Zn 、As 最高溶出浓度分别为 0.91,1.05,0.12mg/L.研究了重金属溶出动力学并运用 X 射线衍射、扫描电镜、能谱仪、比表面积及孔径分布仪和化学测试等手段分析得出了锡 采矿废石淋溶影响机制,淋溶前期主要受粒度影响,溶质以对流运移为主;淋溶后期受粒度、空隙率、比表面积、表面结构和形态分布等多重因素 影响,溶质以对流运移和分子扩散综合影响为主.本研究方法及结论可为废石重金属防控和监管提供理论依据. 关键词：锡采矿废石；重金属；粒度；淋溶规律；影响机制 中图分类号：X753 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-6923(2014)03-0664-08 The heavy mental leaching rules and influence mechanism of different particle size of tin mining waste rock. LIN Hai, YU * Ming-li, DONG Ying-bo , LIU Quan-li, LIU Shu-yue, LIU Yue (School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China). China Environmental Science, 2014,34(3)：664~671 Abstract ：In order to obtain the leaching rule of different particle size of waste rock from tin mining zone, a dynamic simulation test was carried out. Three metal ions, Pb、Zn and As were investigated in the test. Concentrations of heavy metals leached were increasing in the early stage of the test. As leaching time extending, the concentrations of heavy metals leveled off then began to decrease. The influence of the particle size on leaching shown that smaller particle size led to better leaching result. X-ray diffraction、SEM、EDS 、Surface Area and Pore Size analysis indicated that the leaching process was primarily influenced by particle size in the early stage of leaching. The solute flow was convective. During the later phase, leaching was influenced by particle