人教版英语必修3第五单元概要1.ppt

* * 同位语从句 在主从复合句中，用作同位语的从句，叫同位语从句。同位语从句是用来解释说明前面名词的内容的从句。 【要点精讲】 1. 同位语从句一般跟在某些名词后面， 如: idea, fact, news, hope, belief, suggestion, proposal, word, thought, doubt, truth, possibility, promise, order 等，用以说明或解释该名词的 具体内容。这些名词一般都具备两个 特征：一、均为抽象名词；二、可以 涵盖一定的信息内容。如： The news that our teacher’s heath is failing made us sad. I have no idea where they are spending their holidays. I have ______________ he will return to China. 我不知道他何时回中国。 no idea when 2. 同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面, 而是被别的词隔开, 以 使整个句子的结构显得平衡。如： He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off. Word came that the pop star would hold a live concert in our city. 3. 同位语从句通常由that引导，但that 不在从句中充当成分，也不能省略； 同位语从句也可以由whether, when, where, how等引导。如： They raised the question where we should go. The problem _________ we can eat more safely has attracted the government’s attention. 我们是否吃的更安全这个问题，得到了政府的关注。 I ________________ she didn’t accept the nice offer. 我不知道她为什么不接受更好的机会。 whether have no idea why 4. 当先行词为demand时，其后所跟同位语从句的谓语动词要用“should + 动词原形”，其中，should也可省略。除demand 外, 这类名词还有advice, suggestion, order, request, requirement等。如： The manager made a demand that the workers (should) finish the task ahead of time. 【注意】 同位语从句与定语从句的区别： ① 从词类上区别：同位语从句前面的名 词只能是idea, fact, news, hope, belief, suggestion等词；而定语从句的先行 词可以是名词、代词、主句的一部分 或整个主句。 ② 从性质上区别：同位语从句是名词性从句，其作用相当于一个名词，是对前面的名词作进一步解释、说明；定语从句的作用相当于一个形容词，用来修饰前面的名词或代词。 ③ 从引导词及其在句中的成分上的区别：有些引导词如how, whether等可以引导同位语从句，但不能引导定语从句。 定语从句的引导词均在从句中充当特定的句子成分。如： I won’t believe the fact that he lied to his mother. (that引导同位语从句，对fact进行说明，that不充当句子成分。) I won’t believe the fact (that) he told me. (that引导定语从句对fact进行限定，that在从句中充当宾语。) 用适当的连接词补全下面的对话。 Jack: Tom, Ive heard the news ________ you won first prize in the Chinese Speech Contest. Congratulations! Tom: Thanks a lot. Im really excited. Jack: Id like to ask you why you chose to study Chinese. that? Tom: When I was a boy, I often listened to Chinese stories. I had a dream ______ I would come to China when I grew up. Jack