关于癫痫的英文课件概要1.ppt

Epilepsy癫痫 Group 2 Concept Causes Symptoms Exam and Test Treatment Possible Complications Prevention * Epilepsy is a brain disorder in which a person has repeated seizures (convulsions) over time. Seizures are episodes of disturbed brain activity that cause changes in attention or behavior. Alternative Names Temporal lobe epilepsy; Seizure disorder Concept * Causes Epileptic seizures are triggered by abnormalities in the brain that cause a group of nerve cells in the cerebral cortex (gray matter) to become activated simultaneously, emitting sudden and excessive bursts of electrical energy. A seizures effect depends in part on the location in the brain where this electrical hyperactivity occurs. Effects range from brief moments of confusion to minor spasms to loss of consciousness. In most cases of epilepsy, the cause is unknown (also called idiopathic ). * Common causes of epilepsy include: 1,Stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) 2,Dementia, such as Alzheimers disease 3,Traumatic brain injury 4,Infections, including brain abscess, meningitis, encephalitis, and AIDS 5,Brain problems that are present at birth (congenital brain defect) 6,Brain injury that occurs during or near birth 7,Metabolism disorders present at birth (such as phenylketonuria) * 8,Brain tumor 9,Abnormal blood vessels in the brain 10,Other illness that damage or destroy brain tissue 11,Use of certain medications, including antidepressants, tramadol, cocaine, and amphetamines 12,Epilepsy seizures usually begin between ages 5 and 20, but they can happen at any age. There may be a family history of seizures or epilepsy. * Types Partial seizures Generalized seizures * Partial seizures Partial seizures are divided on the extent to which awareness is affected. If it is unaffected, then it is a simple partial seizure; otherwise it is a complex partial (psychomotor) seizure. A partial seizure may spread within the brain - a process known as secondary generalization. * Generali