分子遗传学理论与技术基础 Chapter V.PCR TEC.pptVIP

分子遗传学理论与技术基础 Chapter V.PCR TEC.ppt

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分子遗传学理论与技术基础ChapterV.PCRTEC概要1

V. PCR technology 1. concept. Polymerase Chain Reaction, PCR: PCR technology apply the Taq DNA polymerase and the specific primers to amplify much of the target DNA fragments in vitro. [ Kary Mulis. USA schoolar. In 1983.] 2. Principle of PCR technology. 鄂p376. (1)PCR reaction system: template DNA primer-1 primer-2 Taq DNA polymerase MgCL2 dNTP buffer ddH2O. (2)temperature regulate system: (automatic control by PCR instrument) starting denature 94 ℃ 2 min. cycle denature 92 ℃ 40 s. cycle renature 55 ℃ 40 s. cycle extension 72 ℃ 1 min 30 s. for 30 cycle?end. (3)the principle of primer design: a. the primer sequences is complementary with high conservative region of template DNA, and is high specific, there is no homologous sequences in other unamp- lificational region. b. 15—30 bp long primer is better. The pri- mer is too short to keep the specific, but the primer is too long to keep the amplifi- cation efficiency. c. the base types distribute randomly in the primer sequences, avoid the same type base polymer. d.there is no palindromic(回文结构) seque- nces in the primer. e.there is no complementary sequences between the upstream primer and the downstream primer, avoid to form the primer dimer (二聚体). 3. Basic require for instruments: PCR amplification instrument. General centrifuge(4000 r / min ) Tabletop centrifuge(15000 r / min). Autoclave. Refrigerator, -20 ℃, -40 ℃, -70 ℃. Electrophoresis apparatus. Pipettor (0.5~200 ul) and tip. Eppendorf tube (0.5~1 ml). 4.The calculate principle about PCR reaction. 1)firstly, to decide the single tube reaction volume, that is based on experiment need. 25 ul, 50 ul or 100 ul. 2)secondly,to build single tube reaction system. *to make the mix solution: *to build the single tube reaction system: *to make the mix solution: Mix.

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